Galectin

spinqualitylabelsall models Structure of human galectin-1 complex with lactose (PDB entry 1hlc) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Galectin (GAL) are lectins which bind beta-galactosidase (BGAL). GAL contains a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). GAL are known to inhibit chronic inflammation. The CRD is a beta-sandwich long enough to bind a tetrasaccharide. GAL-1 is thought to play a role as autocrine negative growth factor that regulates cell proliferation. GAL-2 is expressed primarily in gastrointestinal tract. GAL-3 has broad biological functionality. GAL-4 has 2 CRDs. GAL-7 is associated with epithelial cells. GAL-8 has a role in cellular defence against bacterial infection and vacuolar damage. GAL-9 affects eosinophil survival. GAL-10 or Charcot-Leyden crystal protein acts on biological membranes to regulate the multifunctional lysophospholipids. 3D structures of galectin Galectin-1 1slt, 1sla, 1slb, 1slc – GAL-1 + BGAL – bovine 1hlc – hGAL-1 + lactose – human 2km2 – hGAL-1 -NMR 1w6n, 1w6q - hGAL-1 (mutant) 1w6o, 2zkn – hGAL-1 (mutant) + lactose 1w6p – hGAL-1 (mutant) + acetyl lactosamine 1gzw – hGAL-1 + BGAL 1w6m – hGAL(mutant) + BGAL 3oy8 – hGAL-1 + lactobionic acid 3oyw - hGAL-1 + thio-digalactoside 3t2t – hGAL-1 + inhibitor 1gan – tGAL-1 + BGAL – toad 1a78 – tGAL-1 + thio-digalactose 3m2m - GAL-1 + lactose – rat Galectin-2 1ul9 – CchGAL-2 – Coprinopsis cinerea 1ulc – CcGAL-2 + lactose 1ulg - CcGAL-2 + BGAL 1uld, 2wkk – CcGAL-2 + BGAL + fucose 1ule, 1ulf – CcGAL-2 + polysaccharide Galectin-3 3zsk, 3zsl, 3zsm – hGAL-3 CRD 1a3k, 1kjl, 2nmn – hGAL-3 CRD + BGAL 2nmo - hGAL-3 CRD + glucose + BGAL 2nn8, 3aye, 3zsj - hGAL-3 CRD + lactose 1kjr– hGAL-3 CRD + acetyllactosamine 2xg3, 3t1l, 3t1m - hGAL-3 CRD + inhibitor 3aya - hGAL-3 CRD + antigen 3ayc, 3ayd - hGAL-3 CRD + polysaccharide Galectin-4 1x50 – hGAL-4 CRD – NMR 2dyc – mGAL-4 CRD – mouse 3i8t – mGAL-4 + lactose Galectin-7 1bkz, 3zxf – hGAL-7 2gal - hGAL-7 + BGAL 3gal – hGAL-7 + galactosamine 5gal – hGAL-7 + acetyllactosamine 3zxe - hGAL-7 + inhibitor Galectin-8 2yro – hGAL-8 CRD – NMR 3ap5, 3apb - hGAL-8 CRD 3ap4, 3ap6 - hGAL-8 CRD + lactose 3ap7 - hGAL-8 CRD + sialyllactose 3ap8 - hGAL-8 CRD + polysaccharide 4fqz – hGAL-8 CRD (mutant) + glucose + BGAL 2yv8 – hGAL-8 N terminal 3ojb - hGAL-8 C terminal 2yxs – hGAL-8 N terminal + lactose 2yy1 – hGAL-8 N terminal + acetyllactosamine Galectin-9 2d6k, 2d6l – mGAL-9 CRD 2d6m – mGAL-9 CRD + lactose 2d6n, 2d6o– mGAL-9 CRD + acetyllactosamine 2d6p – mGAL-9 CRD + antigen 3lsd – hGAL-9 N terminal 3nv1 – hGAL-9 CRD 3lse – hGAL-9 N terminal + lactose 2eak - hGAL-9 CRD + lactose 3nv4 - hGAL-9 CRD + sialyllactose 2zhk, 2zhl, 2zhm, 2zhn, 3nv2 - hGAL-9 CRD + acetyllactosamine 3nv3 - hGAL-9 CRD + polysaccharide 2eal - mGAL-9 CRD + pentasaccharide Galectin-10 1bkz – hGAL-10 + mannose 1hdk – hGAL-10 + PCMBS Galectin 1ww4 – AcGAL + NEUACA2-3-lacose – Agrocybe cylindracea 1ww5, 1ww6 – AcGAL + lactose derivative 1ww7 – AcGAL 4agg, 4agr, 4agv – GAL - Cinachyrella

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman