4pvm | pdb_00004pvm

Neutron structure of human transthyretin (TTR) at room temperature to 2.0A resolution (Laue)

spinqualitylabelsall models 4pvm, resolution 2.00Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 4pvm is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: DOD Related: 3ipe, 2pab, 3u2i, 4pvl, 4pvn Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, RCSB, PDBsum Disease [TTHY_HUMAN] Defects in TTR are the cause of amyloidosis transthyretin-related (AMYL-TTR) [MIM:105210]. A hereditary generalized amyloidosis due to transthyretin amyloid deposition. Protein fibrils can form in different tissues leading to amyloid polyneuropathies, amyloidotic cardiomyopathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, systemic senile amyloidosis. The disease includes leptomeningeal amyloidosis that is characterized by primary involvement of the central nervous system. Neuropathologic examination shows amyloid in the walls of leptomeningeal vessels, in pia arachnoid, and subpial deposits. Some patients also develop vitreous amyloid deposition that leads to visual impairment (oculoleptomeningeal amyloidosis). Clinical features include seizures, stroke-like episodes, dementia, psychomotor deterioration, variable amyloid deposition in the vitreous humor. Defects in TTR are a cause of hyperthyroxinemia dystransthyretinemic euthyroidal (HTDE) [MIM:145680]. It is a condition characterized by elevation of total and free thyroxine in healthy, euthyroid persons without detectable binding protein abnormalities. Defects in TTR are a cause of carpal tunnel syndrome type 1 (CTS1) [MIM:115430]. It is a condition characterized by entrapment of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. Symptoms include burning pain and paresthesias involving the ventral surface of the hand and fingers which may radiate proximally. Impairment of sensation in the distribution of the median nerve and thenar muscle atrophy may occur. This condition may be associated with repetitive occupational trauma, wrist injuries, amyloid neuropathies, rheumatoid arthritis. Function [TTHY_HUMAN] Thyroid hormone-binding protein. Probably transports thyroxine from the bloodstream to the brain. Publication Abstract from PubMed Human transthyretin has an intrinsic tendency to form amyloid fibrils and is heavily implicated in senile systemic amyloidosis. Here, detailed neutron structural studies of perdeuterated transthyretin are described. The analyses, which fully exploit the enhanced visibility of isotopically replaced hydrogen atoms, yield new information on the stability of the protein and the possible mechanisms of amyloid formation. Residue Ser117 may play a pivotal role in that a single water molecule is closely associated with the gamma-hydrogen atoms in one of the binding pockets, and could be important in determining which of the two sites is available to the substrate. The hydrogen-bond network at the monomer-monomer interface is more extensive than that at the dimer-dimer interface. Additionally, the edge strands of the primary dimer are seen to be favourable for continuation of the beta-sheet and the formation of an extended cross-beta structure through sequential dimer couplings. It is argued that the precursor to fibril formation is the dimeric form of the protein. Binding site asymmetry in human transthyretin: insights from a joint neutron and X-ray crystallographic analysis using perdeuterated protein.,Haupt M, Blakeley MP, Fisher SJ, Mason SA, Cooper JB, Mitchell EP, Forsyth VT IUCrJ. 2014 Oct 21;1(Pt 6):429-38. doi: 10.1107/S2052252514021113. eCollection, 2014 Nov 1. PMID:25485123 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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