1q4n | pdb_00001q4n
Structural studies of Phe256Trp of human salivary alpha-amylase: implications for the role of a conserved water molecule and its associated chain in enzyme activity
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| 1q4n, resolution 2.07Å | |||||||||||||
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| Ligands: | CA, CL and TAM | ||||||||||||
| Gene: | AMY1A OR AMY1 (Homo sapiens) | ||||||||||||
| Activity: | Alpha-amylase, with EC number 3.2.1.1 | ||||||||||||
| Coordinates: | save as pdb, mmCIF, xml | ||||||||||||
Overview
In the mechanism of hydrolysis of starch by alpha-amylases, a conserved water molecule bridging two catalytic residues has been implicated. In human salivary alpha-amylase (HSAmy), this water (W641), observed in many alpha-amylase structures, is part of a chain of water molecules. To test the hypothesis that W641 may be involved in the mechanism, Phe256 in the close vicinity was mutated to a Trp residue. X-ray structure of F256W complexed to 2-amino-2-(hydroxyethyl)-1,3-propanediol at 2.1A revealed that the water chain is disrupted. In the F256W structure exhibits a positional shift in His305, characteristic of alpha-amylase complex structures. Kinetic analysis, in comparison with HSAmy, revealed that the mutant exhibited a 70-fold decrease in the specific activity for starch and significantly reduced k(cat) (20-fold) and K(m) (4-fold) for maltoheptaoside. Collectively, these results suggest that W641 and the chain of water molecules may be critical for the alpha-amylase activity.
About this Structure
1Q4N is a Single protein structure of sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
Reference
Structural studies of a Phe256Trp mutant of human salivary alpha-amylase: implications for the role of a conserved water molecule in enzyme activity., Ramasubbu N, Sundar K, Ragunath C, Rafi MM, Arch Biochem Biophys. 2004 Jan 1;421(1):115-24. PMID:14678792
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