4re1 | pdb_00004re1
Crystal structure of human TEAD1 and disulfide-engineered YAP
Structural highlights
Disease[TEAD1_HUMAN] Defects in TEAD1 are the cause of Sveinsson chorioretinal atrophy (SCRA) [MIM:108985]; also known as atrophia areata (AA) or helicoidal peripapillary chorioretinal degeneration (HPCD). SCRA is characterized by symmetrical lesions radiating from the optic disk involving the retina and the choroid.[1] [2] [3] Function[TEAD1_HUMAN] Transcription factor which plays a key role in the Hippo signaling pathway, a pathway involved in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein MST1/MST2, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Acts by mediating gene expression of YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ, thereby regulating cell proliferation, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction. Binds specifically and cooperatively to the SPH and GT-IIC 'enhansons' (5'-GTGGAATGT-3') and activates transcription in vivo in a cell-specific manner. The activation function appears to be mediated by a limiting cell-specific transcriptional intermediary factor (TIF). Involved in cardiac development. Binds to the M-CAT motif.[4] [5] [YAP1_HUMAN] Transcriptional regulator which can act both as a coactivator and a corepressor and is the critical downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Plays a key role to control cell proliferation in response to cell contact. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. The presence of TEAD transcription factors are required for it to stimulate gene expression, cell growth, anchorage-independent growth, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 can activate the C-terminal fragment (CTF) of ERBB4 (isoform 3).[6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] Publication Abstract from PubMedHippo signaling pathway is emerging as a novel target for anticancer therapy because it plays key roles in organ size control and tumorigenesis. As the downstream effectors, Yes-associated protein (YAP)-transcriptional enhancer activation domain family member (TEAD) association is essential for YAP-driven oncogenic activity, while TEAD is largely dispensable for normal tissue growth. We present the design of YAP-like peptides (17mer) to occupy the interface 3 on TEAD. Introducing cysteines at YAP sites 87 and 96 can induce disulfide formation, as confirmed by crystallography. The engineered peptide significantly improves the potency in disrupting YAP-TEAD interaction in vitro. To confirm that blocking YAP-TEAD complex formation by directly targeting on TEAD is a valid approach, we report a significant reduction in tumor growth rate in a hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft model after introducing the dominant-negative mutation (Y406H) of TEAD1 to abolish YAP-TEAD interaction. Our results suggest that targeting TEAD is a promising strategy against YAP-induced oncogenesis. Targeting Hippo pathway by specific interruption of YAP-TEAD interaction using cyclic YAP-like peptides.,Zhou Z, Hu T, Xu Z, Lin Z, Zhang Z, Feng T, Zhu L, Rong Y, Shen H, Luk JM, Zhang X, Qin N FASEB J. 2015 Feb;29(2):724-32. doi: 10.1096/fj.14-262980. Epub 2014 Nov 10. PMID:25384421[12] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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