Histone

Histones (H) are the major protein components of chromatin which help to pack the DNA in the nucleosomes. H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 are core histones while H1 and H5 are linker histones. The nucleosome is the repeated unit of the chromatin consisting of a core which contains 8 histone molecules (two copies of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) wrapped by ca. 140 base pairs of DNA. The chromatin is made of nucleosome cores separated by a linker region of upto 80 base pairs of DNA associated with histones H1 and H5.

• For the hyperthermophilic histones see Archaeal Histones.
  
• For nucleosome structure see User:Eric Martz/Nucleosomes, Nucleosome structure and Nucleosomes.

3D Structures of histone

Updated on 22-March-2016

{"openlevels":0}

• Histone
  • 1yqa – yH1 (mutant) – yeast – NMR
    
  • 1uss, 1ust, 1uhm – yH1 globular domain - NMR
    
  • 1ghc – cH1 – chicken - NMR
    
  • 2xd7, 1zr3, 1zr5, 2fxk – hH2A macro domain – human
    
  • 4cay – hH2A +H2B
    
  • 1yd9 – H2A macro domain – rat
    
  • 1ku5 – HPHA – Pyrococcus horikoshii
    
  • 1b67, 1b6w, 1a7w, 1hta – MfHMFA – Methanococcus fervidus
    
  • 1bfm – MfHB - NMR
    
  • 1f1e – H – Methanopyrus kandleri
    
  • 1hst – cH5
    
  • 3iid, 3iif – H2A macro domain + ADP-ribose
    
  • 2g9a, 2g99, 2h13 – H3 + WD-repeat protein
    
  • 1pfb – H3 + polycomb protein – Strongylocentrus purpuratus
• Nucleosome core
  • 3r45 - hH4 + H3-like centromeric protein + Holliday junction recognition protein
    
  • 3nqj, 3nqu - hH4 + H3-like centromeric protein
    
  • 4h9n, 4h9o, 4h9p, 4h9q, 4h9r, 4h9s, 4hga - XlH3.3 (mutant) + H4 + death domain-associated protein 6
    
  • 3qzs, 3qzt – XlH4 + nucleosome-remodeling factor subunit BPTF – Xenopus laevis
    
  • 2io5 - XlH3.1 + H4 + anti-silencing protein
    
  • 4eo5 - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 (mutant) + histone chaperone ASF1
    
  • 4ld9 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + widom sequence reverse + SIR3
    
  • 2yfv, 2yfw - H4 + H3-like centromeric protein + SCM3 – Kluyveromyces lactis
    
  • 2l5a - yH4/H3-like centromeric protein/SCM3
    
  • 2jss - yH2A/H2B + CHZ1 – NMR
    
  • 2hue - yH3 + H4 + anti-silencing protein
    
  • 2xql, 3c9k - cH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B – EM
    
  • 4uuz – DmH3 + H4 + DNA replication licensing factor – Drosophila melanogaster
    
• Nucleosome core + DNA
  • 3an2, 4x23 – hH4 + H2A + H2B + H3-like centromeric protein + DNA
    
  • 3av1, 2av2, 3av2, 3waa, 3wa9, 3w99, 3w98, 3w97, 3w96 – hH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 3a6n, 3afa, 2cv5 - hH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 3ayw, 3aze, 3azf, 3azg, 3azh - hH3.1 (mutant) + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 3azi, 3azj, 3azk, 3azl, 3azm, 3azn - hH3.1 + H4 (mutant) + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 3mnn, 3o62, 3lz0, 3lz1, 3lel, 3kuy, 3c1b, 3c1c, 2nzd, 2fj7, 1zbb, 1s32, 1p34, 1p3a, 1p3b, 1p3f, 1p3g, 1p3i, 1p3k, 1p3l, 1p3m, 1p3o, 1p3p, 1m18, 1m19, 1m1a, 1kx3, 1kx4, 1kx5, 1aoi, 3reh, 3rei, 3rej, 3rek, 3rel, 3ut9, 3uta, 3utb - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 2f8n - XlH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + H3 + H2A macro domain + DNA
    
  • 1zla – XlH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + H3 + antigen + DNA
    
  • 3mgp, 3mgq, 3mgr, 3mgs, 3lja, 3b6f, 3b6g, 4j8u, 4j8v, 4j8w, 4j8x, 4kgc - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + metal ion + DNA
    
  • 3kxb - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 + H2A + H2B (mutant) + DNA
    
  • 3kwq - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 3mvd - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + regulator of chromosome condensation + DNA
    
  • 3tu4 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + regulatory protein SIR3 + DNA
    
  • 4r8p - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + polycomb complex protein + ring finger protein + DNA
    
  • 1id3 - yH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 4jjn, 4kud - yH3 + H4 + H2A.2 + H2B.2 + SIR3 + DNA
    
  • 2aro, 1tzy, 1hq3, 2hio, 1hio - cH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B
    
  • 1eqz - cH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 2pyo, 2nqb, 3nqb - DmH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
    
  • 4inm - DmH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + centromeric protein C + DNA
    
  • 1u35 - mH3.1 + H2A + H2B + His2A macro domain + DNA – mouse
    
  • 1f66 - XlH3 + mH4 + hH2A + XlH2B + DNA
    

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Ann Taylor, Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Karsten Theis