2rvq | pdb_00002rvq
Solution structure of the isolated histone H2A-H2B heterodimer
Structural highlights
Function[H2B1J_HUMAN] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.[1] [2] [3] Has broad antibacterial activity. May contribute to the formation of the functional antimicrobial barrier of the colonic epithelium, and to the bactericidal activity of amniotic fluid.[4] [5] [6] Publication Abstract from PubMedDuring chromatin-regulated processes, the histone H2A-H2B heterodimer functions dynamically in and out of the nucleosome. Although detailed crystal structures of nucleosomes have been established, that of the isolated full-length H2A-H2B heterodimer has remained elusive. Here, we have determined the solution structure of human H2A-H2B by NMR coupled with CS-Rosetta. H2A and H2B each contain a histone fold, comprising four alpha-helices and two beta-strands (alpha1-beta1-alpha2-beta2-alpha3-alphaC), together with the long disordered N- and C-terminal H2A tails and the long N-terminal H2B tail. The N-terminal alphaN helix, C-terminal beta3 strand, and 310 helix of H2A observed in the H2A-H2B nucleosome structure are disordered in isolated H2A-H2B. In addition, the H2A alpha1 and H2B alphaC helices are not well fixed in the heterodimer, and the H2A and H2B tails are not completely random coils. Comparison of hydrogen-deuterium exchange, fast hydrogen exchange, and {(1)H}-(15)N hetero-nuclear NOE data with the CS-Rosetta structure indicates that there is some conformation in the H2A 310 helical and H2B Lys11 regions, while the repression domain of H2B (residues 27-34) exhibits an extended string-like structure. This first structure of the isolated H2A-H2B heterodimer provides insight into its dynamic functions in chromatin. Solution structure of the isolated histone H2A-H2B heterodimer.,Moriwaki Y, Yamane T, Ohtomo H, Ikeguchi M, Kurita J, Sato M, Nagadoi A, Shimojo H, Nishimura Y Sci Rep. 2016 May 16;6:24999. doi: 10.1038/srep24999. PMID:27181506[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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