Structural highlights
Function[DYR_STAAU] Key enzyme in folate metabolism. Catalyzes an essential reaction for de novo glycine and purine synthesis, and for DNA precursor synthesis. Publication Abstract from PubMed(+/-)-6-Alkyl-2,4-diaminopyrimidine-based inhibitors of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) have been prepared and evaluated for biological potency against Bacillus anthracis and Staphylococcus aureus. Biological studies revealed attenuated activity relative to earlier structures lacking substitution at C6 of the diaminopyrimidine moiety, though minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values are in the 0.125-8 mug mL(-1) range for both organisms. This effect was rationalized from three- dimensional X-ray structure studies that indicate the presence of a side pocket containing two water molecules adjacent to the main binding pocket. Because of the hydrophobic nature of the substitutions at C6, the main interactions are with protein residues Leu 20 and Leu 28. These interactions lead to a minor conformational change in the protein, which opens the pocket containing these water molecules such that it becomes continuous with the main binding pocket. These water molecules are reported to play a critical role in the catalytic reaction, highlighting a new area for inhibitor expansion within the limited architectural variation at the catalytic site of bacterial DHFR. Inhibition of Bacterial Dihydrofolate Reductase by 6-Alkyl-2,4-diaminopyrimidines.,Nammalwar B, Bourne CR, Bunce RA, Wakeham N, Bourne PC, Ramnarayan K, Mylvaganam S, Berlin KD, Barrow EW, Barrow WW ChemMedChem. 2012 Aug 28. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201200291. PMID:22930550[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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