3nkr | pdb_00003nkr

Crystal structure of mouse autotaxin in complex with 22:6-LPA

spinqualitylabelsall models 3nkr, resolution 1.70Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 3nkr is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Lk3 transgenic mice. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: BMA, CA, EDO, K, NA, NKR, SCN, ZN, MAN, NAG Related: 3nkm, 3nkn, 3nko, 3nkp, 3nkq Gene: Enpp2, Npps2, Pdnp2 (LK3 transgenic mice) Activity: Alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase, with EC number 3.1.4.39 Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease [ENPP2_MOUSE] Note=May contribute to obesity. Function [ENPP2_MOUSE] Hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. Major substrate is lysophosphatidylcholine. Also can act on sphingosylphosphphorylcholine producing sphingosine-1-phosphate, a modulator of cell motility. Can hydrolyze, in vitro, bis-pNPP, to some extent pNP-TMP, and barely ATP. Involved in several motility-related processes such as angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth. Acts as an angiogenic factor by stimulating migration of smooth muscle cells and microtubule formation. Stimulates migration of melanoma cells, probably via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein. May have a role in induction of parturition. Possible involvement in cell proliferation and adipose tissue development. Tumor cell motility-stimulating factor. Publication Abstract from PubMed Autotaxin (ATX, also known as Enpp2) is a secreted lysophospholipase D that hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to generate lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid mediator that activates G protein-coupled receptors to evoke various cellular responses. Here, we report the crystal structures of mouse ATX alone and in complex with LPAs with different acyl-chain lengths and saturations. These structures reveal that the multidomain architecture helps to maintain the structural rigidity of the lipid-binding pocket, which accommodates the respective LPA molecules in distinct conformations. They indicate that a loop region in the catalytic domain is a major determinant for the substrate specificity of the Enpp family enzymes. Furthermore, along with biochemical and biological data, these structures suggest that the produced LPAs are delivered from the active site to cognate G protein-coupled receptors through a hydrophobic channel. Crystal structure of autotaxin and insight into GPCR activation by lipid mediators.,Nishimasu H, Okudaira S, Hama K, Mihara E, Dohmae N, Inoue A, Ishitani R, Takagi J, Aoki J, Nureki O Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2011 Feb;18(2):205-12. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.1998. Epub 2011 Jan, 16. PMID:21240269 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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