3o5n | pdb_00003o5n
Tetrahydroquinoline carboxylates are potent inhibitors of the Shank PDZ domain, a putative target in autism disorders
Structural highlights
Function[SHAN3_MOUSE] Major scaffold postsynaptic density protein which interacts with multiple proteins and complexes to orchestrate the dendritic spine and synapse formation, maturation and maintenance. Interconnects receptors of the postsynaptic membrane including NMDA-type and metabotropic glutamate receptors via complexes with GKAP/PSD-95 and HOMER, respectively, and the actin-based cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the structural and functional organization of the dendritic spine and synaptic junction through the interaction with Arp2/3 and WAVE1 complex as well as the promotion of the F-actin clusters. By way of this control of actin dynamics, participates in the regulation of developing neurons growth cone motility and the NMDA receptor-signaling. Also modulates GRIA1 exocytosis and GRM5/MGLUR5 expression and signaling to control the AMPA and metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic transmission and plasticity. May be required at an early stage of synapse formation and be inhibited by IGF1 to promote synapse maturation.[1] [2] [3] [4] Publication Abstract from PubMedShank is the central scaffolding protein of the postsynaptic density (PSD) protein complex found in cells of the central nervous system. Cellular studies indicate a prominent role of the protein in the organization of the PSD, in the development of neuronal morphology, in neuronal signaling, and in synaptic plasticity, thus linking Shank functions to the molecular basis of learning and memory. Mutations in the Shank gene have been found in several neuronal disorders including mental retardation, typical autism, and Asperger syndrome. Shank is linked to the PSD complex via its PDZ domain that binds to the C-terminus of guanylate-kinase-associated protein (GKAP). Here, small-molecule inhibitors of Shank3 PDZ domain are developed. A fluorescence polarization assay based on an identified high-affinity peptide is established, and tetrahydroquinoline carboxylates are identified as inhibitors of this protein-protein interaction. Chemical synthesis via a hetero-Diels-Alder strategy is employed for hit optimization, and structure-activity relationship studies are performed. Best hits possess K(i) values in the 10 muM range, and binding to the PDZ domain is confirmed by (1) H,(15) N HSQC NMR experiments. One of the hits crystallizes with the Shank3 PDZ domain. The structure, analyzed at a resolution of 1.85 A, reveals details of the binding mode. Finally, binding to PDZ domains of PSD-95, syntrophin, and DVL3 was studied using (1) H,(15) N HSQC NMR spectroscopy. Discovery, Structure-Activity Relationship Studies, and Crystal Structure of Nonpeptide Inhibitors Bound to the Shank3 PDZ Domain.,Saupe J, Roske Y, Schillinger C, Kamdem N, Radetzki S, Diehl A, Oschkinat H, Krause G, Heinemann U, Rademann J ChemMedChem. 2011 May 27. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201100094. PMID:21626699[5] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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