5nn7 | pdb_00005nn7
KSHV uracil-DNA glycosylase, apo form
Structural highlights
Function[Q76RG8_HHV8] Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or deamination of cytosines. Therefore may reduce deleterious uracil incorporation into the viral genome, particularly in terminally differentiated cells which lack DNA repair enzymes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04046] Publication Abstract from PubMedEfficient gamma-herpesvirus lytic phase replication requires a virally encoded UNG-type uracil-DNA glycosylase as a structural element of the viral replisome. Uniquely, gamma-herpesvirus UNGs carry a seven or eight residue insertion of variable sequence in the otherwise highly conserved minor-groove DNA binding loop. In Epstein-Barr Virus [HHV-4] UNG, this motif forms a disc-shaped loop structure of unclear significance. To ascertain the biological role of the loop insertion, we determined the crystal structure of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [HHV-8] UNG (kUNG) in its product complex with a uracil-containing dsDNA, as well as two structures of kUNG in its apo state. We find the disc-like conformation is conserved, but only when the kUNG DNA-binding cleft is occupied. Surprisingly, kUNG uses this structure to flip the orphaned partner base of the substrate deoxyuridine out of the DNA duplex while retaining canonical UNG deoxyuridine-flipping and catalysis. The orphan base is stably posed in the DNA major groove which, due to DNA backbone manipulation by kUNG, is more open than in other UNG-dsDNA structures. Mutagenesis suggests a model in which the kUNG loop is pinned outside the DNA-binding cleft until DNA docking promotes rigid structuring of the loop and duplex nucleotide flipping, a novel observation for UNGs. A structurally conserved motif in gamma-herpesvirus uracil-DNA glycosylases elicits duplex nucleotide-flipping.,Earl C, Bagneris C, Zeman K, Cole A, Barrett T, Savva R Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Mar 27. pii: 4955253. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky217. PMID:29596604[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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