6b59 | pdb_00006b59
Carbonic anhydrase II in complex with nitrogenous base-bearing benezenesulfonamide
Structural highlights
Disease[CAH2_HUMAN] Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730]; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Function[CAH2_HUMAN] Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedIncorporation of the purine/pyrimidine moieties as tails to classical benzenesulfonamide scaffolds afforded two series of human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. The compounds were designed according to the molecular hybridization approach, in order to modulate the interaction with different CA isozymes and exploit the antitumor effect of uracil and adenine derivatives in parallel and synergic mode to the inhibition of the tumor-associated hCA IX. The sulfonamides were investigated as inhibitors of four isoforms, cytosolic hCA I/II and transmembrane hCA IV/IX. The inhibitory profiles were dependent on the length and positioning of the spacer connecting the two pharmacophores. X-ray crystallography demonstrated the binding mode of an inhibitor to hCA II and hCA IX-mimic. Compounds endowed with the best hCA IX inhibitory efficacy were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. The in vitro results suggest multiple mechanisms of action are responsible for the compounds' cytotoxic efficacy. Discovery of New Sulfonamide Carbonic Anhydrase IX Inhibitors Incorporating Nitrogenous Bases.,Nocentini A, Bua S, Lomelino CL, McKenna R, Menicatti M, Bartolucci G, Tenci B, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Gratteri P, Supuran CT ACS Med Chem Lett. 2017 Nov 21;8(12):1314-1319. doi:, 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00399. eCollection 2017 Dec 14. PMID:29259754[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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