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Function
Anthrax edema factor (EF) or calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase is an enzyme which is part of the Bacillus anthracis anthrax toxin. The full anthrax toxin is composed of a cell-binding protein (protective antigen), lethal factor and EF. The EF is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase. The binding of calmodulin to EF changes it from its non-active form to the active one.[1]
Disease
The anthrax disease is caused by the invasion of cells by the bacteria followed by increasing the cellular level of cAMP thus upsetting water homeostasis and causing disruption of signaling pathways.
Structural highlights
3D structures of anthrax edema factor
Anthrax edema factor 3D structures
- ↑ Abrami L, Reig N, van der Goot FG. Anthrax toxin: the long and winding road that leads to the kill. Trends Microbiol. 2005 Feb;13(2):72-8. PMID:15680766 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2004.12.004
- ↑ Shen Y, Zhukovskaya NL, Zimmer MI, Soelaiman S, Bergson P, Wang CR, Gibbs CS, Tang WJ. Selective inhibition of anthrax edema factor by adefovir, a drug for chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 2;101(9):3242-7. Epub 2004 Feb 20. PMID:14978283 doi:10.1073/pnas.0306552101
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3D structures of anthrax edema factor
Updated on 12-March-2019
1pk0 - EF adenylate cyclase domain
Anthrax edema factor 3D structures - EF adenylate cyclase domain + calmodulin
1k90 - EF adenylate cyclase domain + calmodulin + deoxy-ATP
1lvc – EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + anthraniloyl-deoxy-ATP
1pk0 - EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + phosphonylmethoxyethyl-ADP
1s26 - EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + methylene-ATP
1sk6 - EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + pyrophosphate + cAMP
1xfu - EF (mutant) + calmodulin
1xfv - EF + calmodulin + deoxy-ATP
1xfw - EF + calmodulin + cAMP
1xfx, 1xfy, 1xfz - EF + calmodulin
References
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