[LDLR_HUMAN] Binds LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits. In case of HIV-1 infection, functions as a receptor for extracellular Tat in neurons, mediating its internalization in uninfected cells.
Evolutionary Conservation
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Publication Abstract from PubMed
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is responsible for the uptake of cholesterol-containing lipoprotein particles into cells. The amino-terminal region of LDLR, which consists of seven tandemly repeated, approximately 40-amino-acid, cysteine-rich modules (LDL-A modules), mediates binding to lipoproteins. LDL-A modules are biologically ubiquitous domains, found in over 100 proteins in the sequence database. The structure of ligand-binding repeat 5 (LR5) of the LDLR, determined to 1.7 A resolution by X-ray crystallography and presented here, contains a calcium ion coordinated by acidic residues that lie at the carboxy-terminal end of the domain and are conserved among LDL-A modules. Naturally occurring point mutations found in patients with the disease familial hypercholesterolaemia alter residues that directly coordinate Ca2+ or that serve as scaffolding residues of LR5.
Molecular basis of familial hypercholesterolaemia from structure of LDL receptor module.,Fass D, Blacklow S, Kim PS, Berger JM Nature. 1997 Aug 14;388(6643):691-3. PMID:9262405[44]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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↑Fass D, Blacklow S, Kim PS, Berger JM. Molecular basis of familial hypercholesterolaemia from structure of LDL receptor module. Nature. 1997 Aug 14;388(6643):691-3. PMID:9262405 doi:10.1038/41798
