6nzm | pdb_00006nzm

Brutons tyrosine kinase in complex with compound 50.

spinqualitylabelsall models 6nzm, resolution 1.72Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 6nzm is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: EDO, L9S Activity: Non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase, with EC number 2.7.10.2 Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease [BTK_HUMAN] Defects in BTK are the cause of X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) [MIM:300755]; also known as X-linked agammaglobulinemia type 1 (AGMX1) or immunodeficiency type 1 (IMD1). XLA is a humoral immunodeficiency disease which results in developmental defects in the maturation pathway of B-cells. Affected boys have normal levels of pre-B-cells in their bone marrow but virtually no circulating mature B-lymphocytes. This results in a lack of immunoglobulins of all classes and leads to recurrent bacterial infections like otitis, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, sinusitis in the first few years of life, or even some patients present overwhelming sepsis or meningitis, resulting in death in a few hours. Treatment in most cases is by infusion of intravenous immunoglobulin. Defects in BTK may be the cause of X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia and isolated growth hormone deficiency (XLA-IGHD) [MIM:307200]; also known as agammaglobulinemia and isolated growth hormone deficiency or Fleisher syndrome or isolated growth hormone deficiency type 3 (IGHD3). In rare cases XLA is inherited together with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD). Function [BTK_HUMAN] Non-receptor tyrosine kinase indispensable for B lymphocyte development, differentiation and signaling. Binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) triggers signaling that ultimately leads to B-cell activation. After BCR engagement and activation at the plasma membrane, phosphorylates PLCG2 at several sites, igniting the downstream signaling pathway through calcium mobilization, followed by activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) family members. PLCG2 phosphorylation is performed in close cooperation with the adapter protein B-cell linker protein BLNK. BTK acts as a platform to bring together a diverse array of signaling proteins and is implicated in cytokine receptor signaling pathways. Plays an important role in the function of immune cells of innate as well as adaptive immunity, as a component of the Toll-like receptors (TLR) pathway. The TLR pathway acts as a primary surveillance system for the detection of pathogens and are crucial to the activation of host defense. Especially, is a critical molecule in regulating TLR9 activation in splenic B-cells. Within the TLR pathway, induces tyrosine phosphorylation of TIRAP which leads to TIRAP degradation. BTK plays also a critical role in transcription regulation. Induces the activity of NF-kappa-B, which is involved in regulating the expression of hundreds of genes. BTK is involved on the signaling pathway linking TLR8 and TLR9 to NF-kappa-B. Transiently phosphorylates transcription factor GTF2I on tyrosine residues in response to BCR. GTF2I then translocates to the nucleus to bind regulatory enhancer elements to modulate gene expression. ARID3A and NFAT are other transcriptional target of BTK. BTK is required for the formation of functional ARID3A DNA-binding complexes. There is however no evidence that BTK itself binds directly to DNA. BTK has a dual role in the regulation of apoptosis. Publication Abstract from PubMed Since the approval of ibrutinib for the treatment of B-cell malignancies in 2012, numerous clinical trials have been reported using covalent inhibitors to target Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) for oncology indications. However, a formidable challenge for the pharmaceutical industry has been the identification of reversible, selective, potent molecules for inhibition of BTK. Herein, we report application of Tethering-fragment-based screens to identify low molecular weight fragments which were further optimized to improve on-target potency and ADME properties leading to the discovery of reversible, selective, potent BTK inhibitors suitable for pre-clinical proof-of-concept studies. Optimization of novel reversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors identified using Tethering-fragment-based screens.,Hopkins BT, Bame E, Bell N, Bohnert T, Bowden-Verhoek JK, Bui M, Cancilla MT, Conlon P, Cullen P, Erlanson DA, Fan J, Fuchs-Knotts T, Hansen S, Heumann S, Jenkins TJ, Marcotte D, McDowell B, Mertsching E, Negrou E, Otipoby KL, Poreci U, Romanowski MJ, Scott D, Silvian L, Yang W, Zhong M Bioorg Med Chem. 2019 Jul 1;27(13):2905-2913. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.05.021., Epub 2019 May 14. PMID:31138459 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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