Structural highlights
Publication Abstract from PubMedEnteric pathogens such as Salmonella typhimurium colonize the human gut in spite of the lethal acidic pH environment (pH < 2.5) due to the activation of inducible acid tolerance response (ATR) systems. The pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme, biodegradative arginine decarboxylase (ADC, encoded by AdiA), is a component of an ATR system. The enzyme consumes a cytoplasmic proton in the process of arginine degradation to agmatine. Arginine-agmatine antiporter (AdiC) exchanges the product agmatine for arginine. In this manuscript, we describe the structure of Salmonella typhimurium ADC (StADC). The decameric structure assembled from five dimers related by a non crystallographic 5-fold symmetry represents the first apo-form of the enzyme. The structure suggests that PLP-binding is not a prerequisite for oligomerization. Comparison with E. coli ADC reveals that PLP-binding is accompanied by the movement and ordering of two loops (residues 150-159 and 191-197) and a few active site residues such as His256 and Lys257. A number of residues important for substrate binding are disordered in the apo-StADC structure indicating that PLP binding is important for substrate binding. Unlike the interactions between 5-fold related protomers, interactions that stabilize the dimeric structure are not pH dependent. Structural studies on the decameric S. typhimurium arginine decarboxylase (ADC): Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding induces conformational changes.,Deka G, Bharath SR, Savithri HS, Murthy MRN Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017 Sep 2;490(4):1362-1368. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.032. Epub 2017 Jul 8. PMID:28694189[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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