Histone
Histones (H) are the major protein components of chromatin which help to pack the DNA in the nucleosomes. H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 are core histones while H1 and H5 are linker histones[1]. The nucleosome is the repeated unit of the chromatin consisting of a core which contains 8 histone molecules (two copies of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) wrapped by ca. 140 base pairs of DNA[2]. The chromatin is made of nucleosome cores separated by a linker region of upto 80 base pairs of DNA associated with histones H1 and H5.
3D Structures of histone
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3D Structures of histone
Updated on 31-July-2019
- Histone
- Archaeal Histones – yH1 (mutant) – yeast – NMR
- 1uss, Nucleosome structure, Nucleosomes – yH1 globular domain - NMR
- Nucleosome structure (Spanish) – cH1 – chicken - NMR
- Histone 3D structures, 1zr3, 1zr5, 2fxk – hH2A macro domain – human
- 4cay – hH2A +H2B
- 1yd9 – H2A macro domain – rat
- 1ku5 – HPHA – Pyrococcus horikoshii
- 1b67, 1b6w, 1a7w, 1hta – MfHMFA – Methanococcus fervidus
- 1bfm – MfHB - NMR
- 1f1e – H – Methanopyrus kandleri
- 1hst – cH5
- 3iid, 3iif – H2A macro domain + ADP-ribose
- 2g9a, 2g99, 2h13 – H3 + WD-repeat protein
- 1pfb – H3 + polycomb protein – Strongylocentrus purpuratus
- Archaeal Histones – yH1 (mutant) – yeast – NMR
- Nucleosome core
- 6n89, 6n88 – hH1 + importin – Cryo EM
- 6h8p – hH1 + histone-lysine methyltransferase
- 3r45 - hH4 + H3-like centromeric protein + Holliday junction recognition protein
- 3nqj, 3nqu - hH4 + H3-like centromeric protein
- 5vey - hH2A + H2B + polyubiquitin
- 5fug - hH2A + H2B + YL-1
- 4nft - hH2A + H2B + ANP32E
- 6miq, 6mio, 6min – hH3 + TFIID
- 6mim, 6mil – hH3 + AF9
- 5ja4, 5bnv – hH3.3 + H4 + TONSL + MCM2
- 5bo0, 5bnx – hH3.2 + H4 + ASF1B + MCM2
- 6mlc - hH4 + histone-lysine methyltransferase
- 6hbo – hH3.3 + histone-lysine methyltransferase - NMR
- 6o7g - XlH4 + histone-lysine methyltransferase – NMR
- 3qzs, 3qzt – XlH4 + nucleosome-remodeling factor subunit BPTF – Xenopus laevis
- 4h9n, 4h9o, 4h9p, 4h9q, 4h9r, 4h9s, 4hga - XlH3.3 (mutant) + H4 + death domain-associated protein 6
- 5kdm - XlH3.3 + H4 + death domain-associated protein + tegument protein
- 2io5 - XlH3.1 + H4 + anti-silencing protein
- 5g2e - XlH2A + H2B + NAP1
- 6n1z - XlH2A + H2B + importin
- 5bsa, 5bs7 – XlH3.2 + H4 + SPT2
- 4eo5 - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 (mutant) + histone chaperone ASF1
- 4ld9 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + widom sequence reverse + SIR3
- 2l5a - yH4/H3-like centromeric protein/SCM3
- 2jss - yH2A/H2B + CHZ1 – NMR
- 4wnn – yH32A + H2B + SPT2
- 2hue - yH3 + H4 + anti-silencing protein
- 2xql, 3c9k - cH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B – EM
- 4uuz – DmH3 + H4 + DNA replication licensing factor – Drosophila melanogaster
- 2yfv, 2yfw - H4 + H3-like centromeric protein + SCM3 – Kluyveromyces lactis
- 6n89, 6n88 – hH1 + importin – Cryo EM
- Human nucleosome core + DNA
- 3an2, 4x23 – hH4 + H2A + H2B + H3-like centromeric protein + DNA
- 3av1, 2av2, 3av2, 3waa, 3wa9, 3w99, 3w98, 3w97, 3w96, 5x7x, 3a6n, 3afa, 2cv5, 5jrg, 5gxq, 5gt3, 5gt0, 5gsu, 5gse, 5cpk, 5cpj, 5cpi, 5b33, 5b32, 5b31, 5b2j, 5b2i, 5b24, 5b0z, 5b0y, 5ay8, 5avc, 5avb, 5av9, 5av8, 5av6, 5av5, 5z5t, 4ym6, 4ym5, 5y0c, 5onw, 5ong, 5omx – hH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 5x0y, 5x0x – hH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA + SNF2
- 5z30 – hH3.1 + H4 + H2A (mutant) + H2B + DNA
- 5y0d – hH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B (mutant) + DNA
- 4qlc – hH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + H5 + DNA
- 6r25 – hH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + NPAC + lysine-specific histone demethylase + DNA – Cryo EM
- 3ayw, 3aze, 3azf, 3azg, 3azh - hH3.1 (mutant) + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 6r94, 6r93 - hH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6r92, 6r91, 6r90, 6r8z, 6r8y - hH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA damage-binding protein + DNA – Cryo EM
- 3azi, 3azj, 3azk, 3azl, 3azm, 3azn, 5b40 - hH3.1 + H4 (mutant) + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 5e5a - hH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + IE1 + DNA
- 6hkt - hH3 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 5xf5, 5xf4, 5xf3 - hH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + Ru derivative + DNA
- 3an2, 4x23 – hH4 + H2A + H2B + H3-like centromeric protein + DNA
- Xenopus nucleosome core + DNA
- 6r1t - XlH3 + H2A + H2B + DNA – Cryo EM
- 3mnn, 3o62, 3lz0, 3lz1, 3lel, 3kuy, 3c1b, 3c1c, 2nzd, 2fj7, 1zbb, 1s32, 1p34, 1p3a, 1p3b, 1p3f, 1p3g, 1p3i, 1p3k, 1p3l, 1p3m, 1p3o, 1p3p, 1m18, 1m19, 1m1a, 1kx3, 1kx4, 1kx5, 1aoi, 3reh, 3rei, 3rej, 3rek, 3rel, 3ut9, 3uta, 3utb, 5f99, 5dnn, 5dnm, 5cp6, 4z66, 4ys3, 4xzq, 5oy7, 5oxv - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 6fq8, 6fq6, 6fq5, 6esi, 6esh, 6esg, 6esf - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA – Cryo EM
- 5nl0 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + H1.0 + DNA
- 6om3 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + origin recognition complex + DNA
- 6jm9 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + histone-lysine methyltransferase + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6o96, 6nqa, 6nog, 6nn6, 6nj9, 6jma, 6j99 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + histone-lysine methyltransferase + ubiquitin + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6iy3, 6iy2 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + SNF2H + ADP + DNA – Cryo EM
- 5o9g - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + CHD1 + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6ftx - XlH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + CHD1 + ubiquitin + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6hts - XlH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + RuvB + CHD1 + actin-related protein + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6ne3 - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 + H2A (mutant) + H2B + SNF2H + DNA – Cryo EM
- 5mlu - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + PFV GAG peptide + DNA
- 5kgf - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + 53BP1 + ubiquitin + DNA
- 5hq2 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + SRM1 + SetD8 + DNA
- 4zux - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + Saga-associated factors + polyubiquitin + UBP8 + DNA
- 4xuj - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + Ru derivative + DNA
- 4xu9 - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 + H2A + H2B + Pt derivative + DNA
- 4xu8 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B (mutant) + Pt derivative + DNA
- 2f8n - XlH3.1 + H4 + H2A + H2B + H3 + H2A macro domain + DNA
- 1zla – XlH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + H3 + antigen + DNA
- 3mgp, 3mgq, 3mgr, 3mgs, 3lja, 3b6f, 3b6g, 4j8u, 4j8v, 4j8w, 4j8x, 4kgc, 5xf6 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + metal ion + DNA
- 3kxb - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 + H2A + H2B (mutant) + DNA
- 3kwq - XlH3.2 (mutant) + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 3mvd - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + regulator of chromosome condensation + DNA
- 3tu4 - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + regulatory protein SIR3 + DNA
- 4r8p - XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + polycomb complex protein + ring finger protein + DNA
- 6r1u – XlH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + lysine-specific histone demethylase + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6k1p, 6jyl, 6iro – XlH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + ISWI + ADP + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6g0l – XlH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + CHD1 + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6r1t - XlH3 + H2A + H2B + DNA – Cryo EM
- Other nucleosome core + DNA
- 1u35 - mH3.1 + H2A + H2B + His2A macro domain + DNA – mouse
- 5xm1, 5xm0 – mH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 1f66 - XlH3 + mH4 + hH2A + XlH2B + DNA
- 5b1m, 5b1l - mH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 2aro, 1tzy, 1hq3, 2hio, 1hio - cH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B
- 1eqz - cH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 2pyo, 2nqb, 3nqb - DmH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 5wcu - DmH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + H5 + DNA
- 4x23 - DmH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + centromeric protein C + DNA
- 6dzt - DmH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + antibody + DNA
- 6j51, 6j50, 6j4z, 6j4y, 6j4x, 6j4w, 6inq, 6i84, 6a5u, 6a5t, 6a5r, 6a5p, 6a5o, 6a5l – yH3.3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + RNA polymerase + RNA + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6ir9 – yH3.3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + RNA polymerase + SPT4 + SPT5 + RNA + DNA – Cryo EM
- 6gen, 6gej – yH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + SWI1 + actin-like protein + vacuolar protein sorting-associated + RNA + DNA – Cryo EM
- 1id3 - yH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B + DNA
- 4jjn, 4kud - yH3 + H4 + H2A.2 + H2B.2 + SIR3 + DNA
- 5zbb, 5zba - yH3 + H4 + RTT109 + ASF1
- 5z3v, 5z3u, 5z3t, 5z3o, 5z3l - yH3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + SNF2 + ADP + DNA – Cryo EM
- 1u35 - mH3.1 + H2A + H2B + His2A macro domain + DNA – mouse
2aro, 1tzy, 1hq3, 2hio, 1hio - cH3 + H4 + H2A + H2B
- 6fml – H3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + RuvB + actin-related protein + IES6 + DNA – Chaetomium thermophilum - Cryo EM
- 6fml – H3.2 + H4 + H2A + H2B + RuvB + actin-related protein + IES6 + DNA – Chaetomium thermophilum - Cryo EM
References
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