6r02 | pdb_00006r02
Psychrobacter arcticus ATP phosphoribosyltransferase bound to histidine and PRPP
Structural highlights
Function[HISZ_PSYA2] Required for the first step of histidine biosynthesis. May allow the feedback regulation of ATP phosphoribosyltransferase activity by histidine.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00125] [HIS1_PSYA2] Catalyzes the condensation of ATP and 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate to form N'-(5'-phosphoribosyl)-ATP (PR-ATP). Has a crucial role in the pathway because the rate of histidine biosynthesis seems to be controlled primarily by regulation of HisG enzymatic activity. Publication Abstract from PubMedATP phosphoribosyltransferase (ATPPRT) catalyzes the first step of histidine biosynthesis, being allosterically inhibited by the final product of the pathway. Allosteric inhibition of long-form ATPPRTs by histidine has been extensively studied, but inhibition of short-form ATPPRTs is poorly understood. Short-form ATPPRTs are hetero-octamers formed by four catalytic subunits (HisGS) and four regulatory subunits (HisZ). HisGS alone is catalytically active and insensitive to histidine. HisZ enhances catalysis by HisGS in the absence of histidine but mediates allosteric inhibition in its presence. Here, steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetics establish that histidine is a noncompetitive inhibitor of short-form ATPPRT and that inhibition does not occur by dissociating HisGS from the hetero-octamer. The crystal structure of ATPPRT in complex with histidine and the substrate 5-phospho-alpha-d-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate was determined, showing histidine bound solely to HisZ, with four histidine molecules per hetero-octamer. Histidine binding involves the repositioning of two HisZ loops. The histidine-binding loop moves closer to histidine to establish polar contacts. This leads to a hydrogen bond between its Tyr263 and His104 in the Asp101-Leu117 loop. The Asp101-Leu117 loop leads to the HisZ-HisGS interface, and in the absence of histidine, its motion prompts HisGS conformational changes responsible for catalytic activation. Following histidine binding, interaction with the histidine-binding loop may prevent the Asp101-Leu117 loop from efficiently sampling conformations conducive to catalytic activation. Tyr263Phe-PaHisZ-containing PaATPPRT, however, is less susceptible though not insensitive to histidine inhibition, suggesting the Tyr263-His104 interaction may be relevant to yet not solely responsible for transmission of the allosteric signal. Mapping the Structural Path for Allosteric Inhibition of a Short-Form ATP Phosphoribosyltransferase by Histidine.,Thomson CM, Alphey MS, Fisher G, da Silva RG Biochemistry. 2019 Jul 16;58(28):3078-3086. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00282., Epub 2019 Jun 28. PMID:31251578[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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