5azv | pdb_00005azv
Crystal structure of hPPARgamma ligand binding domain complexed with 17-oxoDHA
Structural highlights
Disease[PPARG_HUMAN] Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer. Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:601665]. It is a condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.[1] Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:604367]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.[2] [3] Genetic variations in PPARG can be associated with susceptibility to glioma type 1 (GLM1) [MIM:137800]. Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Note=Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility. Function[PPARG_HUMAN] Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.[4] [5] [6] Publication Abstract from PubMed17-Hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA) is an oxidized form of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and known as a specialized proresolving mediator. We found that a further oxidized product, 17-oxodocosahexaenoic acid (17-oxoDHA), activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARgamma) and PPARalpha in transcriptional assays and thus can be classified as an alpha/gamma dual agonist. ESI mass spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic analysis showed that 17-oxoDHA binds to PPARgamma and PPARalpha covalently, making 17-oxoDHA the first of a novel class of PPAR agonists, the PPARalpha/gamma dual covalent agonist. Furthermore, the covalent binding sites were identified as Cys285 for PPARgamma and Cys275 for PPARalpha. 17-OxoDHA Is a PPARalpha/gamma Dual Covalent Modifier and Agonist.,Egawa D, Itoh T, Akiyama Y, Saito T, Yamamoto K ACS Chem Biol. 2016 Jul 1. PMID:27337155[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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