Structural highlights
Function[DYHC_YEAST] Cytoplasmic dynein acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Required to maintain uniform nuclear distribution in hyphae. May play an important role in the proper orientation of the mitotic spindle into the budding daughter cell yeast. Probably required for normal progression of the cell cycle.[1] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe movements of cytoplasmic dynein on microtubule (MT) tracks is achieved by two-way communication between the microtubule-binding domain (MTBD) and the ATPase domain via a coiled-coil stalk, but the structural basis of this communication remains elusive. Here, we regulate MTBD either in high-affinity or low-affinity states by introducing a disulfide bond to the stalk and analyze the resulting structures by NMR and cryo-EM. In the MT-unbound state, the affinity changes of MTBD are achieved by sliding of the stalk alpha-helix by a half-turn, which suggests that structural changes propagate from the ATPase-domain to MTBD. In addition, MT binding induces further sliding of the stalk alpha-helix even without the disulfide bond, suggesting how the MT-induced conformational changes propagate toward the ATPase domain. Based on differences in the MT-binding surface between the high- and low-affinity states, we propose a potential mechanism for the directional bias of dynein movement on MT tracks. Structural basis for two-way communication between dynein and microtubules.,Nishida N, Komori Y, Takarada O, Watanabe A, Tamura S, Kubo S, Shimada I, Kikkawa M Nat Commun. 2020 Feb 25;11(1):1038. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14842-8. PMID:32098965[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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