6i0c | pdb_00006i0c
Human butyrylcholinesterase in complex with the R enantiomer of a chlorotacrine-tryptophan multi-target inhibitor.
Structural highlights
Disease[CHLE_HUMAN] Defects in BCHE are the cause of butyrylcholinesterase deficiency (BChE deficiency) [MIM:177400]. BChE deficiency is a metabolic disorder characterized by prolonged apnoea after the use of certain anesthetic drugs, including the muscle relaxants succinylcholine or mivacurium and other ester local anesthetics. The duration of the prolonged apnoea varies significantly depending on the extent of the enzyme deficiency. BChE deficiency is a multifactorial disorder. The hereditary condition is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. Function[CHLE_HUMAN] Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.[1] [2] Publication Abstract from PubMedA combination of tacrine and tryptophan led to the development of a new family of heterodimers as multi-target agents with potential to treat Alzheimer's disease. Based on the in vitro biological profile, compound S-K1035 was found to be the most potent inhibitor of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) and human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE), demonstrating balanced IC50 values of 6.3 and 9.1nM, respectively. For all the tacrine-tryptophan heterodimers, favorable inhibitory effect on hAChE as well as on hBChE was coined to the optimal spacer length ranging from five to eight carbon atoms between these two pharmacophores. S-K1035 also showed good ability to inhibit Abeta42 self-aggregation (58.6+/-5.1% at 50muM) as well as hAChE-induced Abeta40 aggregation (48.3+/-6.3% at 100muM). The X-ray crystallographic analysis of TcAChE in complex with S-K1035 pinpointed the utility of the hybridization strategy applied and the structures determined with the two K1035 enantiomers in complex with hBChE could explain the higher inhibition potency of S-K1035. Other in vitro evaluations predicted the ability of S-K1035 to cross blood-brain barrier and to exert a moderate inhibition potency against neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Based on the initial promising biochemical data and a safer in vivo toxicity compared to tacrine, S-K1035 was administered to scopolamine-treated rats being able to dose-dependently revert amnesia. Novel tacrine-tryptophan hybrids: Multi-target directed ligands as potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease.,Chalupova K, Korabecny J, Bartolini M, Monti B, Lamba D, Caliandro R, Pesaresi A, Brazzolotto X, Gastellier AJ, Nachon F, Pejchal J, Jarosova M, Hepnarova V, Jun D, Hrabinova M, Dolezal R, Zdarova Karasova J, Mzik M, Kristofikova Z, Misik J, Muckova L, Jost P, Soukup O, Benkova M, Setnicka V, Habartova L, Chvojkova M, Kleteckova L, Vales K, Mezeiova E, Uliassi E, Valis M, Nepovimova E, Bolognesi ML, Kuca K Eur J Med Chem. 2019 Apr 15;168:491-514. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.021. Epub , 2019 Feb 27. PMID:30851693[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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