6now | pdb_00006now

Human Mitochondrial Alanyl-tRNA Synthetase C-Ala domain

spinqualitylabelsall models 6now, resolution 4.10Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 6now is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Gene: AARS2, AARSL, KIAA1270 (HUMAN) Activity: Alanine--tRNA ligase, with EC number 6.1.1.7 Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease [SYAM_HUMAN] Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 8;Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia;Ovarioleukodystrophy. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Function [SYAM_HUMAN] Catalyzes the attachment of alanine to tRNA(Ala) in a two-step reaction: alanine is first activated by ATP to form Ala-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ala). Also edits incorrectly charged tRNA(Ala) via its editing domain.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_03133] Publication Abstract from PubMed Metazoan complexity and life-style depend on the bioenergetic potential of mitochondria. However, higher aerobic activity and genetic drift impose strong mutation pressure and risk of irreversible fitness decline in mitochondrial (mt)DNA-encoded genes. Bilaterian mitochondria-encoded tRNA genes, key players in mitochondrial activity, have accumulated mutations at significantly higher rates than their cytoplasmic counterparts, resulting in foreshortened and fragile structures. Here we show that fragility of mt tRNAs coincided with the evolution of bilaterian animals. We demonstrate that bilaterians compensated for this reduced structural complexity in mt tRNAs by sequence-independent induced-fit adaption to the cognate mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS). Structural readout by nuclear-encoded aaRS partners relaxed the sequence constraints on mt tRNAs and facilitated accommodation of functionally disruptive mutational insults by cis-acting epistatic compensations. Our results thus suggest that mutational freedom in mt tRNA genes is an adaptation to increased mutation pressure that was associated with the evolution of animal complexity. Relaxed sequence constraints favor mutational freedom in idiosyncratic metazoan mitochondrial tRNAs.,Kuhle B, Chihade J, Schimmel P Nat Commun. 2020 Feb 20;11(1):969. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14725-y. PMID:32080176 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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