5tor | pdb_00005tor

Crystal structure of AAT D222T mutant

spinqualitylabelsall models 5tor, resolution 1.35Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 5tor is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Pig. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. NonStd Res: LLP Related: 5ton, 5toq, 5tot Gene: GOT1 (PIG) Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Function [AATC_PIG] Plays a key role in amino acid metabolism. Publication Abstract from PubMed Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is a fundamental, multifunctional enzyme cofactor used to catalyze a wide variety of chemical reactions involved in amino acid metabolism. PLP-dependent enzymes optimize specific chemical reactions by modulating the electronic states of PLP through distinct active site environments. In asparate aminotransferase (AAT), an extended hydrogen-bond network is coupled to the pyridinyl nitrogen of the PLP, influencing the electrophilicity of the cofactor. This network, which involves residues D222, H143, T139, H189, and structural waters, is located at the edge of PLP opposite to the reactive Schiff base. We demonstrate that this hydrogen-bond network directly influences the protonation state of the pyridine nitrogen of PLP, which affects the rates of catalysis. We analyzed perturbations caused by single- and double-mutant variants using steady-state kinetics, high-resolution X-ray crystallography, and quantum chemical calculations. Protonation of the pyridinyl nitrogen to form a pyridinium cation induces electronic delocalization in PLP, which correlates with the enhancement in catalytic rate in AAT. Thus, PLP activation is controlled by the proximity of the pyridinyl nitrogen to the hydrogen-bond microenvironment. Quantum chemical calculations indicate that D222, which is directly coupled to the pyridinyl nitrogen, increases the pKa of the pyridine nitrogen and stabilizes the pyridinium cation. H143 and H189 also increase the pKa of the pyridine nitrogen, but, more significantly, influence the position of the proton that resides between D222 and the pyridinyl nitrogen. These findings indicate that the second shell residues directly enhance the rate of catalysis in AAT. Direct Evidence That an Extended Hydrogen Bonding Network Influences Activation of Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate in Aspartate Aminotransferase.,Dajnowicz S, Parks JM, Hu X, Gesler K, Kovalevsky AY, Mueser TC J Biol Chem. 2017 Feb 23. pii: jbc.M116.774588. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.774588. PMID:28232482 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also Aspartate aminotransferase 3D structures

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