2fu4 | pdb_00002fu4
Crystal Structure of the DNA binding domain of E.coli FUR (Ferric Uptake Regulator)
Structural highlights
Function[FUR_ECOLI] Acts as a global negative controlling element, employing Fe(2+) as a cofactor to bind the operator of the repressed genes. Regulates the expression of several outer-membrane proteins including the iron transport operon.[1] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedFerric uptake regulator (Fur) is a global bacterial regulator that uses iron as a cofactor to bind to specific DNA sequences. Escherichia coli Fur is usually isolated as a homodimer with two metal sites per subunit. Metal binding to the iron site induces protein activation; however the exact role of the structural zinc site is still unknown. Structural studies of three different forms of the Escherichia coli Fur protein (nonactivated dimer, monomer, and truncated Fur-(1-82)) were performed. Dimerization of the oxidized monomer was followed by NMR in the presence of a reductant (dithiothreitol) and Zn(II). Reduction of the disulfide bridges causes only local structure variations, whereas zinc addition to reduced Fur induces protein dimerization. This demonstrates for the first time the essential role of zinc in the stabilization of the quaternary structure. The secondary structures of the mono- and dimeric forms are almost conserved in the N-terminal DNA-binding domain, except for the first helix, which is not present in the nonactivated dimer. In contrast, the C-terminal dimerization domain is well structured in the dimer but appears flexible in the monomer. This is also confirmed by heteronuclear Overhauser effect data. The crystal structure at 1.8A resolution of a truncated protein (Fur-(1-82)) is described and found to be identical to the N-terminal domain in the monomeric and in the metal-activated state. Altogether, these data allow us to propose an activation mechanism for E. coli Fur involving the folding/unfolding of the N-terminal helix. Structural changes of Escherichia coli ferric uptake regulator during metal-dependent dimerization and activation explored by NMR and X-ray crystallography.,Pecqueur L, D'Autreaux B, Dupuy J, Nicolet Y, Jacquamet L, Brutscher B, Michaud-Soret I, Bersch B J Biol Chem. 2006 Jul 28;281(30):21286-95. Epub 2006 May 11. PMID:16690618[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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