6wcy | pdb_00006wcy
N160D Deamidation Mutant of Human gammaD-Crystallin
Structural highlights
Disease[CRGD_HUMAN] Defects in CRYGD are a cause of cataract autosomal dominant (ADC) [MIM:604219]. Cataract is an opacification of the crystalline lens of the eye that frequently results in visual impairment or blindness. Opacities vary in morphology, are often confined to a portion of the lens, and may be static or progressive. In general, the more posteriorly located and dense an opacity, the greater the impact on visual function. Cataract is the most common treatable cause of visual disability in childhood.[1] [2] [3] Defects in CRYGD are the cause of cataract congenital non-nuclear polymorphic autosomal dominant (CCP) [MIM:601286]; also known as polymorphic congenital cataract. A congenital cataract characterized by a non-progressive phenotype and partial opacity that has a variable location between the fetal nucleus of the lens and the equator. The fetal nucleus is normal. The opacities are irregular and look similar to a bunch of grapes and may be present simultaneously in different lens layers.[4] [5] Defects in CRYGD are the cause of cataract congenital cerulean type 3 (CCA3) [MIM:608983]; also known as congenital cataract blue dot type 3. A cerulean form of autosomal dominant congenital cataract. Cerulean cataract is characterized by peripheral bluish and white opacifications organized in concentric layers with occasional central lesions arranged radially. The opacities are observed in the superficial layers of the fetal nucleus as well as the adult nucleus of the lens. Involvement is usually bilateral. Visual acuity is only mildly reduced in childhood. In adulthood, the opacifications may progress, making lens extraction necessary. Histologically the lesions are described as fusiform cavities between lens fibers which contain a deeply staining granular material. Although the lesions may take on various colors, a dull blue is the most common appearance and is responsible for the designation cerulean cataract. Defects in CRYGD are the cause of cataract crystalline aculeiform (CACA) [MIM:115700]. A congenital crystalline cataract characterized by fiberglass-like or needle-like crystals projecting in different directions, through or close to the axial region of the lens. The opacity causes a variable degree of vision loss.[6] Function[CRGD_HUMAN] Crystallins are the dominant structural components of the vertebrate eye lens. Publication Abstract from PubMedCataracts involve the deposition of the crystallin proteins in the vertebrate eye lens, causing opacification and blindness. They are associated with either genetic mutation or protein damage that accumulates over the lifetime of the organism. Deamidation of Asn residues in several different crystallins has been observed and is frequently invoked as a cause of cataract. Here, we investigated the properties of Asp variants, deamidation products of gammaD-crystallin, by solution NMR, X-ray crystallography, and other biophysical techniques. No substantive structural or stability changes were noted for all seven Asn to Asp gammaD-crystallins. Importantly, no changes in diffusion interaction behavior could be detected. Our combined experimental results demonstrate that introduction of single Asp residues on the surface of gammaD-crystallin by deamidation is unlikely to be the driver of cataract formation in the eye lens. Assessing the Structures and Interactions of gammaD-Crystallin Deamidation Variants.,Guseman AJ, Whitley MJ, Gonzalez JJ, Rathi N, Ambarian M, Gronenborn AM Structure. 2020 Nov 23. pii: S0969-2126(20)30418-4. doi:, 10.1016/j.str.2020.11.006. PMID:33264606[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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