3cir | pdb_00003cir
E. coli Quinol fumarate reductase FrdA T234A mutation
Structural highlights
Function[FRDD_ECOLI] Seems to be involved in the anchoring of the catalytic components of the fumarate reductase complex to the cytoplasmic membrane.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00709] [FRDA_ECOLI] Two distinct, membrane-bound, FAD-containing enzymes are responsible for the catalysis of fumarate and succinate interconversion; the fumarate reductase is used in anaerobic growth, and the succinate dehydrogenase is used in aerobic growth. [FRDC_ECOLI] Seems to be involved in the anchoring of the catalytic components of the fumarate reductase complex to the cytoplasmic membrane.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00708] [FRDB_ECOLI] Two distinct, membrane-bound, FAD-containing enzymes are responsible for the catalysis of fumarate and succinate interconversion; the fumarate reductase is used in anaerobic growth, and the succinate dehydrogenase is used in aerobic growth. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedIn Escherichia coli, the complex II superfamily members succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (SQR) and quinol:fumarate reductase (QFR) participate in aerobic and anaerobic respiration, respectively. Complex II enzymes catalyze succinate and fumarate interconversion at the interface of two domains of the soluble flavoprotein subunit, the FAD binding domain and the capping domain. An 11-amino acid loop in the capping domain (Thr-A234 to Thr-A244 in quinol:fumarate reductase) begins at the interdomain hinge and covers the active site. Amino acids of this loop interact with both the substrate and a proton shuttle, potentially coordinating substrate binding and the proton shuttle protonation state. To assess the loop's role in catalysis, two threonine residues were mutated to alanine: QFR Thr-A244 (act-T; Thr-A254 in SQR), which hydrogen-bonds to the substrate at the active site, and QFR Thr-A234 (hinge-T; Thr-A244 in SQR), which is located at the hinge and hydrogen-bonds the proton shuttle. Both mutations impair catalysis and decrease substrate binding. The crystal structure of the hinge-T mutation reveals a reorientation between the FAD-binding and capping domains that accompanies proton shuttle alteration. Taken together, hydrogen bonding from act-T to substrate may coordinate with interdomain motions to twist the double bond of fumarate and introduce the strain important for attaining the transition state. A threonine on the active site loop controls transition state formation in Escherichia coli respiratory complex II.,Tomasiak TM, Maklashina E, Cecchini G, Iverson TM J Biol Chem. 2008 May 30;283(22):15460-8. Epub 2008 Apr 2. PMID:18385138[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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