3o33 | pdb_00003o33
Crystal structure of TRIM24 PHD-Bromo in the free state
Structural highlights
Disease[TIF1A_HUMAN] Defects in TRIM24 are a cause of thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) [MIM:188550]. TPC is a common tumor of the thyroid that typically arises as an irregular, solid or cystic mass from otherwise normal thyroid tissue. Papillary carcinomas are malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. Note=A chromosomal aberration involving TRIM24/TIF1 is found in thyroid papillary carcinomas. Translocation t(7;10)(q32;q11) with RET. The translocation generates the TRIM24/RET (PTC6) oncogene. Function[TIF1A_HUMAN] Transcriptional coactivator that interacts with numerous nuclear receptors and coactivators and modulates the transcription of target genes. Interacts with chromatin depending on histone H3 modifications, having the highest affinity for histone H3 that is both unmodified at 'Lys-4' (H3K4me0) and acetylated at 'Lys-23' (H3K23ac). Has E3 protein-ubiquitin ligase activity. Promotes ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p53/TP53. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, at least in part via its effects on p53/TP53 levels. Up-regulates ligand-dependent transcription activation by AR, GCR/NR3C1, thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and ESR1. Modulates transcription activation by retinoic acid (RA) receptors, including RARA. Plays a role in regulating retinoic acid-dependent proliferation of hepatocytes (By similarity).[1] [2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedRecognition of modified histone species by distinct structural domains within 'reader' proteins plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression. Readers that simultaneously recognize histones with multiple marks allow transduction of complex chromatin modification patterns into specific biological outcomes. Here we report that chromatin regulator tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) functions in humans as a reader of dual histone marks by means of tandem plant homeodomain (PHD) and bromodomain (Bromo) regions. The three-dimensional structure of the PHD-Bromo region of TRIM24 revealed a single functional unit for combinatorial recognition of unmodified H3K4 (that is, histone H3 unmodified at lysine 4, H3K4me0) and acetylated H3K23 (histone H3 acetylated at lysine 23, H3K23ac) within the same histone tail. TRIM24 binds chromatin and oestrogen receptor to activate oestrogen-dependent genes associated with cellular proliferation and tumour development. Aberrant expression of TRIM24 negatively correlates with survival of breast cancer patients. The PHD-Bromo of TRIM24 provides a structural rationale for chromatin activation through a non-canonical histone signature, establishing a new route by which chromatin readers may influence cancer pathogenesis. TRIM24 links a non-canonical histone signature to breast cancer.,Tsai WW, Wang Z, Yiu TT, Akdemir KC, Xia W, Winter S, Tsai CY, Shi X, Schwarzer D, Plunkett W, Aronow B, Gozani O, Fischle W, Hung MC, Patel DJ, Barton MC Nature. 2010 Dec 16;468(7326):927-32. PMID:21164480[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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