7s68 | pdb_00007s68
Structure of human PARP1 domains (Zn1, Zn3, WGR and HD) bound to a DNA double strand break.
Structural highlights
Function[PARP1_HUMAN] Involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, by catalyzing the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a limited number of acceptor proteins involved in chromatin architecture and in DNA metabolism. This modification follows DNA damages and appears as an obligatory step in a detection/signaling pathway leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks. Mediates the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of APLF and CHFR. Positively regulates the transcription of MTUS1 and negatively regulates the transcription of MTUS2/TIP150. With EEF1A1 and TXK, forms a complex that acts as a T-helper 1 (Th1) cell-specific transcription factor and binds the promoter of IFN-gamma to directly regulate its transcription, and is thus involved importantly in Th1 cytokine production.[1] [2] [3] [4] Publication Abstract from PubMedPARP1 rapidly detects DNA strand break damage and allosterically signals break detection to the PARP1 catalytic domain to activate poly(ADP-ribose) production from NAD(+). PARP1 activation is characterized by dynamic changes in the structure of a regulatory helical domain (HD); yet, there are limited insights into the specific contributions that the HD makes to PARP1 allostery. Here, we have determined crystal structures of PARP1 in isolated active states that display specific HD conformations. These captured snapshots and biochemical analysis illustrate HD contributions to PARP1 multi-domain and high-affinity interaction with DNA damage, provide novel insights into the mechanics of PARP1 allostery, and indicate how HD active conformations correspond to alterations in the catalytic region that reveal the active site to NAD(+). Our work deepens the understanding of PARP1 catalytic activation, the dynamics of the binding site of PARP inhibitor compounds, and the mechanisms regulating PARP1 retention on DNA damage. Captured snapshots of PARP1 in the active state reveal the mechanics of PARP1 allostery.,Rouleau-Turcotte E, Krastev DB, Pettitt SJ, Lord CJ, Pascal JM Mol Cell. 2022 Jun 28. pii: S1097-2765(22)00570-6. doi:, 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.06.011. PMID:35793673[5] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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