4q4k | pdb_00004q4k
Crystal structure of nitronate monooxygenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Structural highlights
FunctionNMO_PSEAE Nitronate monooxygenase that uses molecular oxygen to catalyze the oxidative denitrification of alkyl nitronates. The toxin propionate 3-nitronate (P3N) is the best substrate (and the presumed physiological substrate), but this enzyme is also active on other primary and secondary nitronates such as propyl-1-nitronate, ethylnitronate, pentyl-1-nitronate, butyl-1-nitronate and propyl-2-nitronate (PubMed:25002579). Is likely involved in the degradation of P3N, that allows P.aeruginosa PAO1 to grow on 3-nitropropionate/P3N as the sole nitrogen source (PubMed:20382807). Also functions in the detoxification of P3N, a metabolic poison produced by plants and fungi as a defense mechanism (PubMed:25384477). Cannot oxidize nitroalkanes such as 3-nitropropionate, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, 1-nitrobutane, 1-nitropentane, or 2-nitropropane (PubMed:25002579).[1] [2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedNitronate monooxygenase (NMO) oxidizes the mitochondrial toxin propionate 3-nitronate (P3N) to malonate semialdehyde. The enzyme has been previously characterized biochemically in fungi, but no structural information is available. Based on amino acid similarity 4,985 genes are annotated in the Gen-Bank as NMO. Of these, 4,424 (i.e., 89%) are bacterial genes, including several Pseudomonads that have been shown to use P3N as growth substrate. Here, we have cloned and expressed the gene PA4202 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, purified the resulting protein and characterized it. The enzyme is active on P3N and other alkyl nitronates, but cannot oxidize nitroalkanes. P3N is the best substrate at pH 7.5 and atmospheric oxygen with app(kcat/Km) of 12x106 M-1s-1, appkcat of 1300 s-1 and appKm of 110 muM. Anaerobic reduction of the enzyme with P3N yields a flavosemiquinone, which is formed within 7.5 ms, consistent with this species being a catalytic intermediate. Absorption spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography demonstrate a tightly, non-covalently bound FMN in the active site of the enzyme. Thus, PA4202 is the first NMO identified and characterized in bacteria. The X-ray crystal structure of the enzyme was solved at 1.43 A, showing a TIM barrel fold. Four motifs in common with the biochemically characterized NMO from Cyberlindnera saturnus are identified in the structure of bacterial NMO, defining Class I NMO, which includes bacterial, fungal and two animal NMOs. Notably, the only other NMO from Neurospora crassa for which biochemical evidence is available lacks the four motifs, defining Class II NMO. The Combined Structural and Kinetic Characterization of a Bacterial Nitronate Monooxygenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Establishes NMO Class I and II.,Salvi F, Agniswamy J, Yuan H, Vercammen K, Pelicaen R, Cornelis P, Spain J, Weber IT, Gadda G J Biol Chem. 2014 Jul 7. pii: jbc.M114.577791. PMID:25002579[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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