8ppn | pdb_00008ppn
Galectin-3 carbohydrate recognition domain in complex with thiodigalactoside at 1.8 resolution
Structural highlights
FunctionLEG3_HUMAN Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells.[1] [2] [3] Publication Abstract from PubMedGalectin-3 is involved in multiple pathways of many diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and diabetes, and it is a validated pharmaceutical target for the development of novel therapeutic agents to address unmet medical needs. Novel 1,2-thiodisaccharides with a C-glycosylic functionality were synthesized by the photoinitiated thiol-ene click reaction of O-peracylated 1-C-substituted glycals and 1-thio-glycopyranoses. Subsequent global deprotection yielded test compounds, which were studied for their binding to human galectin-3 by fluorescence polarization and isothermal titration calorimetry to show low micromolar K(d) values. The best inhibitor displayed a K(d) value of 8.0 muM. An analysis of the thermodynamic binding parameters revealed that the binding Gibbs free energy (DeltaG) of the new inhibitors was dominated by enthalpy (DeltaH). The binding mode of the four most efficient 1,2-thiodisaccharides was also studied by X-ray crystallography that uncovered the unique role of water-mediated hydrogen bonds in conferring enthalpy-driven affinity enhancement for the new inhibitors. This 1,2-thiodisaccharide-type scaffold represents a new lead for galectin-3 inhibitor discovery and offers several possibilities for further development. Strong Binding of C-Glycosylic1,2-Thiodisaccharides to Galectin-3 horizontal line Enthalpy-Driven Affinity Enhancement by Water-Mediated Hydrogen Bonds.,Lazar L, Tsagkarakou AS, Stravodimos G, Kontopidis G, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ, Somsak L, Leonidas DD J Med Chem. 2023 Sep 14;66(17):12420-12431. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00882. , Epub 2023 Sep 2. PMID:37658813[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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