Structural highlights
FunctionC562_ECOLX Electron-transport protein of unknown function.AA1R_HUMAN Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Publication Abstract from PubMedThe adenosine A1 receptor (A1-AR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that plays a vital role in cardiac, renal, and neuronal processes but remains poorly targeted by current drugs. We determined a 3.2 A crystal structure of the A1-AR bound to the selective covalent antagonist, DU172, and identified striking differences to the previously solved adenosine A2A receptor (A2A-AR) structure. Mutational and computational analysis of A1-AR revealed a distinct conformation of the second extracellular loop and a wider extracellular cavity with a secondary binding pocket that can accommodate orthosteric and allosteric ligands. We propose that conformational differences in these regions, rather than amino-acid divergence, underlie drug selectivity between these adenosine receptor subtypes. Our findings provide a molecular basis for AR subtype selectivity with implications for understanding the mechanisms governing allosteric modulation of these receptors, allowing the design of more selective agents for the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury, renal pathologies, and neuropathic pain. Structure of the Adenosine A1 Receptor Reveals the Basis for Subtype Selectivity.,Glukhova A, Thal DM, Nguyen AT, Vecchio EA, Jorg M, Scammells PJ, May LT, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A Cell. 2017 Feb 23;168(5):867-877.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.042. PMID:28235198[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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