4p5x | pdb_00004p5x

Structure of the N-terminal domain of the human mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carrier Aralar in the calcium-bound state

spinqualitylabelsall models 4p5x, resolution 2.26Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 4p5x is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Method: X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.261Å Ligands: CA Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease S2512_HUMAN Epileptic encephalopathy with global cerebral demyelination. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Function S2512_HUMAN Mitochondrial electrogenic aspartate/glutamate antiporter that favors efflux of aspartate and entry of glutamate and proton within the mitochondria as part of the malate-aspartate shuttle (PubMed:11566871, PubMed:19641205, PubMed:24515575). Also mediates the uptake of L-cysteinesulfinate by mitochondria in exchange of L-glutamate and proton. Can also exchange L-cysteinesulfinate with aspartate in their anionic form without any proton translocation (PubMed:11566871). Publication Abstract from PubMed The transport activity of human mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carriers is central to the malate-aspartate shuttle, urea cycle, gluconeogenesis and myelin synthesis. They have a unique three-domain structure, comprising a calcium-regulated N-terminal domain with eight EF-hands, a mitochondrial carrier domain, and a C-terminal domain. Here we present the calcium-bound and calcium-free structures of the N- and C-terminal domains, elucidating the mechanism of calcium regulation. Unexpectedly, EF-hands 4-8 are involved in dimerization of the carrier and form a static unit, whereas EF-hands 1-3 form a calcium-responsive mobile unit. On calcium binding, an amphipathic helix of the C-terminal domain binds to the N-terminal domain, opening a vestibule. In the absence of calcium, the mobile unit closes the vestibule. Opening and closing of the vestibule might regulate access of substrates to the carrier domain, which is involved in their transport. These structures provide a framework for understanding cases of the mitochondrial disease citrin deficiency. Calcium-induced conformational changes of the regulatory domain of human mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carriers.,Thangaratnarajah C, Ruprecht JJ, Kunji ER Nat Commun. 2014 Nov 20;5:5491. doi: 10.1038/ncomms6491. PMID:25410934 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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