Function
Cytochrome P450 (P450) or cytochrome P450 monooxygenase catalyzes the oxidation of organic substances like lipids. The P450 contains a heme cofactor. The protein is numbered by its gene.[1] P450 CYP121 is called mycocyclosin synthase.
- P450cam, also known as camphor 5-monooxygenase, catalyzes the hydroxylation of camphor[2].
- P450nor is a Nitric Oxide Reductase P450[3].
- P450epoK converts epothilone D to epothilone B.
- P450cin monooxygenates 1,8-cineole which is similar to camphor.
- Bifunctional P450/NADPH P450 reductase (P450 BM3) is a fatty acid monooxygenase.
- P450 3A4 see CYP3A4.
- P450 19 family see Aromatase.
- P450 17A1 see Human steroidogenic cytochrome P450 17A1 with inhibitor abiraterone
See also Hemeproteins.
Additional details on cytochrome P450 interactions with drugs see
Structural highlights
The heme moiety is stabilized by several side chains. The heme iron is pentacoordinated with Cys as one ligand.[4]
3D Structures of Cytochrome P450
Cytochrome P450 3D structures
- ↑ Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561-97. PMID:12369887
- ↑ Schlichting I, Berendzen J, Chu K, Stock AM, Maves SA, Benson DE, Sweet RM, Ringe D, Petsko GA, Sligar SG. The catalytic pathway of cytochrome p450cam at atomic resolution. Science. 2000 Mar 3;287(5458):1615-22. PMID:10698731
- ↑ Daiber A, Shoun H, Ullrich V. Nitric oxide reductase (P450nor) from Fusarium oxysporum. J Inorg Biochem. 2005 Jan;99(1):185-93. PMID:15598501 doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.09.018
- ↑ Williams PA, Cosme J, Ward A, Angove HC, Matak Vinkovic D, Jhoti H. Crystal structure of human cytochrome P450 2C9 with bound warfarin. Nature. 2003 Jul 24;424(6947):464-8. Epub 2003 Jul 13. PMID:12861225 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01862
