4rl5 | pdb_00004rl5
Crystal structure of the Arabidopsis exocyst subunit exo70 family protein A1
Structural highlights
FunctionE70A1_ARATH Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane during regulated or polarized secretion. Involved in polarized cell growth and organ morphogenesis. Involved in polarized cell growth and organ morphogenesis. During cytokinesis, involved in cell plate initiation, cell plate maturation and formation of new primary cell wall. Participates in polarized pectin delivery required for the polarized development of the mucilage-producing volcano cells of the seed coat. Involved in the recycling and localization of auxin efflux carriers PIN1 and PIN2, and thus in polar auxin transport regulation. Functions in vesicle trafficking in tracheary elements to regulate patterned secondary cell wall thickening.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe exocyst complex regulates the last steps of exocytosis, which is essential to organisms across kingdoms. In humans, its dysfunction is correlated with several significant diseases, such as diabetes and cancer progression. Investigation of the dynamic regulation of the evolutionarily conserved exocyst-related processes using mutants in genetically tractable organisms such as Arabidopsis thaliana is limited by the lethality or the severity of phenotypes. We discovered that the small molecule Endosidin2 (ES2) binds to the EXO70 (exocyst component of 70 kDa) subunit of the exocyst complex, resulting in inhibition of exocytosis and endosomal recycling in both plant and human cells and enhancement of plant vacuolar trafficking. An EXO70 protein with a C-terminal truncation results in dominant ES2 resistance, uncovering possible distinct regulatory roles for the N terminus of the protein. This study not only provides a valuable tool in studying exocytosis regulation but also offers a potentially new target for drugs aimed at addressing human disease. Endosidin2 targets conserved exocyst complex subunit EXO70 to inhibit exocytosis.,Zhang C, Brown MQ, van de Ven W, Zhang ZM, Wu B, Young MC, Synek L, Borchardt D, Harrison R, Pan S, Luo N, Huang YM, Ghang YJ, Ung N, Li R, Isley J, Morikis D, Song J, Guo W, Hooley RJ, Chang CA, Yang Z, Zarsky V, Muday GK, Hicks GR, Raikhel NV Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Nov 25. pii: 201521248. PMID:26607451[6] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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