1hm4 | pdb_00001hm4
N219L PENTALENENE SYNTHASE
Structural highlights
FunctionPENA_STREX Catalyzes the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) to the tricyclic sesquiterpene pentalenene, which is the hydrocarbon precursor of the pentalenolactone family of antibiotics produced by a variety of Streptomyces species.[1] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedIncubation of farnesyl diphosphate (1) with the W308F or W308F/H309F mutants of pentalenene synthase, an enzyme from Streptomyces UC5319, yielded pentalenene (2), accompanied by varying proportions of (+)-germacrene A (7) with relatively minor changes in k(cat) and k(cat)/K(m). By contrast, single H309 mutants gave rise to both (+)-germacrene A (7) and protoilludene (8) in addition to pentalenene (2). Mutation to glutamate of each of the three aspartate residues in the Mg(2+)-binding aspartate-rich domain, (80)DDLFD, resulted in reduction in the k(cat)/K(m) for farnesyl diphosphate and formation of varying proportions of pentalenene and (+)-germacrene A (7). Formation of (+)-germacrene A (7) by the various pentalenene synthase mutants is the result of a derailment of the natural anti-Markovnikov cyclization reaction, and not simply the consequence of trapping of a normally cryptic, carbocationic intermediate. Both the N219A and N219L mutants of pentalenene synthase were completely inactive, while the corresponding N219D mutant had a k(cat)/K(m) which was 3300-fold lower than that of the wild-type synthase, and produced a mixture of pentalenene (2) (91%) and the aberrant cyclization product beta-caryophyllene (9) (9%). Finally, the F77Y mutant had a k(cat)/K(m) which was reduced by 20-fold compared to that of the wild-type synthase. Pentalenene synthase. Analysis of active site residues by site-directed mutagenesis.,Seemann M, Zhai G, de Kraker JW, Paschall CM, Christianson DW, Cane DE J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Jul 3;124(26):7681-9. PMID:12083921[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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