9hz9 | pdb_00009hz9
Crystal structure of human carbonic anhydrase XII mimic in complex with sonepiprazole
Structural highlights
DiseaseCAH2_HUMAN Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] FunctionCAH2_HUMAN Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedIn this study, we provide the first evidence that sonepiprazole, a dopamine D(4) receptor antagonist, acts as a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs). Sonepiprazole exhibited significant inhibitory activity across the panel of catalytically active hCAs, with the exception of hCA IV, and hCA III. The most potent inhibition was observed against the brain-associated isoform hCA VII, with a K (I) of 2.9 nM. Insights from X-ray crystallographic structures of the complexes with hCA I, hCA II, and hCA XII revealed that the sulfonamide group of sonepiprazole coordinates the zinc ion in the active site, a typical interaction for this class of inhibitors. Despite the presence of isoform-specific residues at the rim of the active site pocket, these variations seem not to significantly impact the compound overall inhibition potency. These findings highlight a dual functionality of sonepiprazole as both a D(4) receptor antagonist and a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Structural Studies of the Dopamine D(4) Receptor Antagonist Sonepiprazole as an Inhibitor of Human Carbonic Anhydrases.,Angeli A, Ferraroni M, Capasso C, Supuran CT ACS Med Chem Lett. 2025 Feb 10;16(3):483-486. doi: , 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00034. eCollection 2025 Mar 13. PMID:40104783[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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