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Structure of the haem-chaperone Proteobacteria-protein HemS
Structural highlights
FunctionHEMS_YEREN Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for hemin. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedBacteria rely on their environment and/or host to acquire iron and have evolved specialized systems to sequester and transport heme. The heme uptake system HemRSTUV is common to proteobacteria, and a major challenge is to understand the molecular mechanism of heme binding and transfer between the protein molecules that underlie this heme transport relay process. In the Gram-negative pathogen Yersinia enterocolitica, the HemRSTUV system culminates with the cytoplasmic recipient HemS, which stores and delivers heme for cellular needs. HemS belongs to a family of proteins essential and unique to proteobacteria. Here we report on the binding mechanism of HemS based on structural data from its apo- and ligand-loaded forms. This heme carrier protein associates with its cargo through a novel, partly preformed binding pocket, formed between a large beta-sheet dome and a three-helix subdomain. In addition to a histidine interacting with the iron, the complex is stabilized by a distal non-coordinating arginine that packs along the porphyrin plane and extensive electrostatic contacts that firmly anchor the heme propionate groups within the protein. Comparison of apo- and ligand-bound HemS crystal structures reveals striking conformational changes that underlie a "heme-induced fit" binding mechanism. Local shifts in amino acid positions combine with global, rigid body-like domain movements, and together, these bring about a switch from an open, apo-form to a closed, bound state. This is the first report in which both liganded and unliganded forms of a heme transport protein are described, thus providing penetrating insights into its mechanism of heme binding and release. An induced fit conformational change underlies the binding mechanism of the heme transport proteobacteria-protein HemS.,Schneider S, Sharp KH, Barker PD, Paoli M J Biol Chem. 2006 Oct 27;281(43):32606-10. Epub 2006 Aug 30. PMID:16943192[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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