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The crystal structure of human cytosolic beta-glucosidase
Structural highlights
FunctionGBA3_HUMAN Glycosidase probably involved in the intestinal absorption and metabolism of dietary flavonoid glycosides. Able to hydrolyze a broad variety of glycosides including phytoestrogens, flavonols, flavones, flavanones and cyanogens. Possesses beta-glycosylceramidase activity and may be involved in a nonlysosomal catabolic pathway of glycosylceramide.[1] [2] [3] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedHuman cytosolic beta-glucosidase (hCBG) is a xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme that hydrolyses certain flavonoid glucosides, with specificity depending on the aglycone moiety, the type of sugar and the linkage between them. In this study, the substrate preference of this enzyme was investigated by mutational analysis, X-ray crystallography and homology modelling. The crystal structure of hCBG was solved by the molecular replacement method and refined at 2.7 A resolution. The main-chain fold of the enzyme belongs to the (beta/alpha)(8) barrel structure, which is common to family 1 glycoside hydrolases. The active site is located at the bottom of a pocket (about 16 A deep) formed by large surface loops, surrounding the C termini of the barrel of beta-strands. As for all the clan of GH-A enzymes, the two catalytic glutamate residues are located on strand 4 (the acid/base Glu165) and on strand 7 (the nucleophile Glu373). Although many features of hCBG were shown to be very similar to previously described enzymes from this family, crucial differences were observed in the surface loops surrounding the aglycone binding site, and these are likely to strongly influence the substrate specificity. The positioning of a substrate molecule (quercetin-4'-glucoside) by homology modelling revealed that hydrophobic interactions dominate the binding of the aglycone moiety. In particular, Val168, Trp345, Phe225, Phe179, Phe334 and Phe433 were identified as likely to be important in determining substrate specificity in hCBG, and site-directed mutagenesis supported a key role for some of these residues. The crystal structure of human cytosolic beta-glucosidase unravels the substrate aglycone specificity of a family 1 glycoside hydrolase.,Tribolo S, Berrin JG, Kroon PA, Czjzek M, Juge N J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 27;370(5):964-75. Epub 2007 May 18. PMID:17555766[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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