Structural highlights
Function
CAC1D_HUMAN Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1D gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines, and by omega-agatoxin-IIIA (omega-Aga-IIIA). They are however insensitive to omega-conotoxin-GVIA (omega-CTx-GVIA) and omega-agatoxin-IVA (omega-Aga-IVA).
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The human major histocompatibility complex class I antigen HLA-B*2705 binds several sequence-related peptides (pVIPR, RRKWRRWHL; pLPM2, RRRWRRLTV; pGR, RRRWHRWRL). Cross-reactivity of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) against these HLA-B*2705:peptide complexes seemed to depend on a particular peptide conformation that is facilitated by the engagement of a crucial residue within the binding groove (Asp116), associated with a noncanonical bulging-in of the middle portion of the bound peptide. We were interested whether a conformational reorientation of the ligand might contribute to the lack of cross-reactivity of these CTL with a peptide derived from voltage-dependent calcium channel alpha1 subunit (pCAC, SRRWRRWNR), in which the C-terminal peptide residue pArg9 could engage Asp116. Analyses of the HLA-B*2705:pCAC complex by X-ray crystallography at 1.94 A resolution demonstrated that the peptide had indeed undergone a drastic reorientation, leading it to adopt a canonical binding mode accompanied by the loss of molecular mimicry between pCAC and sequence-related peptides such as pVIPR, pLMP2, and pGR. This was clearly a consequence of interactions of pArg9 with Asp116 and other F-pocket residues. Furthermore, we observed an unprecedented reorientation of several additional residues of the HLA-B*2705 heavy chain near the N-terminal region of the peptide, including also the presence of double conformations of two glutamate residues, Glu63 and Glu163, on opposing sides of the peptide binding groove. Together with the Arg-Ser exchange at peptide position 1, there are thus multiple structural reasons that may explain the observed failure of pVIPR-directed, HLA-B*2705-restricted CTL to cross-react with HLA-B*2705:pCAC complexes.
Loss of recognition by cross-reactive T cells and its relation to a C-terminus-induced conformational reorientation of an HLA-B*2705-bound peptide.,Loll B, Ruckert C, Hee CS, Saenger W, Uchanska-Ziegler B, Ziegler A Protein Sci. 2011 Feb;20(2):278-90. doi: 10.1002/pro.559. Epub 2010 Dec 23. PMID:21280120[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Loll B, Ruckert C, Hee CS, Saenger W, Uchanska-Ziegler B, Ziegler A. Loss of recognition by cross-reactive T cells and its relation to a C-terminus-induced conformational reorientation of an HLA-B*2705-bound peptide. Protein Sci. 2011 Feb;20(2):278-90. doi: 10.1002/pro.559. Epub 2010 Dec 23. PMID:21280120 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pro.559
