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Structure of hSTING in complex with novel carbocyclic pyrimidine CDN 1
Structural highlights
FunctionSTING_HUMAN Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm. Acts by recognizing and binding cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol: upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, autoinhibition is alleviated and TMEM173/STING is able to activate both NF-kappa-B and IRF3 transcription pathways to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state. May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons. May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). Mediates death signaling via activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedStimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) plays an important role in innate immunity by inducing type I interferon production upon infection with intracellular pathogens. STING activation can promote increased T-cell activation and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in antitumor immunity. Natural and synthetic cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) are known to activate STING, and several synthetic CDN molecules are being investigated in the clinic using an intratumoral administration route. Here, we describe the identification of STING agonist 15a, a cyclic dinucleotide structurally diversified from natural ligands with optimized properties for systemic intravenous (iv) administration. Our studies have shown that STING activation by 15a leads to an acute innate immune response as measured by cytokine secretion and adaptive immune response via activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, which ultimately provides robust antitumor efficacy. Identification of Novel Carbocyclic Pyrimidine Cyclic Dinucleotide STING Agonists for Antitumor Immunotherapy Using Systemic Intravenous Route.,Vyskocil S, Cardin D, Ciavarri J, Conlon J, Cullis C, England D, Gershman R, Gigstad K, Gipson K, Gould A, Greenspan P, Griffin R, Gulavita N, Harrison S, Hu Z, Hu Y, Hata A, Huang J, Huang SC, Janowick D, Jones M, Kolev V, Langston SP, Lee HM, Li G, Lok D, Ma L, Mai D, Malley J, Matsuda A, Mizutani H, Mizutani M, Molchanova N, Nunes E, Pusalkar S, Renou C, Rowland S, Sato Y, Shaw M, Shen L, Shi Z, Skene R, Soucy F, Stroud S, Xu H, Xu T, Abu-Yousif AO, Zhang J J Med Chem. 2021 May 27;64(10):6902-6923. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00374. Epub, 2021 May 17. PMID:34000802[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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