4m48

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X-ray structure of dopamine transporter elucidates antidepressant mechanism

Structural highlights

4m48 is a 3 chain structure with sequence from Drosophila melanogaster and Mus musculus. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.955Å
Ligands:21B, CL, CLR, NA
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

DAT_DROME Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter which terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals (PubMed:11125028, PubMed:12606774, PubMed:24037379, PubMed:25970245). Also transports tyramine and norepinephrine, shows less efficient transport of octopamine and does not transport serotonin (PubMed:11125028, PubMed:12606774). Plays a role in the regulation of the rest/activity cycle (PubMed:16093388, PubMed:25232310).[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Antidepressants targeting Na+/Cl--coupled neurotransmitter uptake define a key therapeutic strategy to treat clinical depression and neuropathic pain. However, identifying the molecular interactions that underlie the pharmacological activity of these transport inhibitors, and thus the mechanism by which the inhibitors lead to increased synaptic neurotransmitter levels, has proven elusive. Here we present the crystal structure of the Drosophila melanogaster dopamine transporter at 3.0 A resolution bound to the tricyclic antidepressant nortriptyline. The transporter is locked in an outward-open conformation with nortriptyline wedged between transmembrane helices 1, 3, 6 and 8, blocking the transporter from binding substrate and from isomerizing to an inward-facing conformation. Although the overall structure of the dopamine transporter is similar to that of its prokaryotic relative LeuT, there are multiple distinctions, including a kink in transmembrane helix 12 halfway across the membrane bilayer, a latch-like carboxy-terminal helix that caps the cytoplasmic gate, and a cholesterol molecule wedged within a groove formed by transmembrane helices 1a, 5 and 7. Taken together, the dopamine transporter structure reveals the molecular basis for antidepressant action on sodium-coupled neurotransmitter symporters and elucidates critical elements of eukaryotic transporter structure and modulation by lipids, thus expanding our understanding of the mechanism and regulation of neurotransmitter uptake at chemical synapses.

X-ray structure of dopamine transporter elucidates antidepressant mechanism.,Penmatsa A, Wang KH, Gouaux E Nature. 2013 Sep 15. doi: 10.1038/nature12533. PMID:24037379[7]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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Citations
74 reviews cite this structure
SLC transporters as therapeutic targets: emerging opportunities.
Lin et al. (2015)
73 more
228 other articles
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See Also

References

  1. ↑ Porzgen P, Park SK, Hirsh J, Sonders MS, Amara SG. The antidepressant-sensitive dopamine transporter in Drosophila melanogaster: a primordial carrier for catecholamines. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Jan;59(1):83-95. doi: 10.1124/mol.59.1.83. PMID:11125028 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/mol.59.1.83
  2. ↑ Wu X, Gu HH. Cocaine affinity decreased by mutations of aromatic residue phenylalanine 105 in the transmembrane domain 2 of dopamine transporter. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Mar;63(3):653-8. doi: 10.1124/mol.63.3.653. PMID:12606774 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/mol.63.3.653
  3. ↑ Kume K, Kume S, Park SK, Hirsh J, Jackson FR. Dopamine is a regulator of arousal in the fruit fly. J Neurosci. 2005 Aug 10;25(32):7377-84. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2048-05.2005. PMID:16093388 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2048-05.2005
  4. ↑ Penmatsa A, Wang KH, Gouaux E. X-ray structure of dopamine transporter elucidates antidepressant mechanism. Nature. 2013 Sep 15. doi: 10.1038/nature12533. PMID:24037379 doi:10.1038/nature12533
  5. ↑ Ueno T, Kume K. Functional characterization of dopamine transporter in vivo using Drosophila melanogaster behavioral assays. Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 Sep 3;8:303. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00303., eCollection 2014. PMID:25232310 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00303
  6. ↑ Wang KH, Penmatsa A, Gouaux E. Neurotransmitter and psychostimulant recognition by the dopamine transporter. Nature. 2015 May 21;521(7552):322-7. doi: 10.1038/nature14431. Epub 2015 May 11. PMID:25970245 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14431
  7. ↑ Penmatsa A, Wang KH, Gouaux E. X-ray structure of dopamine transporter elucidates antidepressant mechanism. Nature. 2013 Sep 15. doi: 10.1038/nature12533. PMID:24037379 doi:10.1038/nature12533

Contents


PDB ID 4m48

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