7p3x

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Homology model of the full-length AP-3 complex in a compact open conformation

Structural highlights

7p3x is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:Electron Microscopy, Resolution 9.1Å
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

AP3D_YEAST Part of the AP-3 complex, an adaptor-related complex which is not clathrin-associated. The complex is associated with the Golgi region as well as more peripheral structures. It facilitates the budding of vesicles from the Golgi membrane and may be directly involved in trafficking to the vacuole. Required for the transport via the ALP pathway, which directs the transport of the cargo proteins PHO8 and VAM3 to the vacuole.[1] [2] [3]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Vesicle formation at endomembranes requires the selective concentration of cargo by coat proteins. Conserved adapter protein complexes at the Golgi (AP-3), the endosome (AP-1), or the plasma membrane (AP-2) with their conserved core domain and flexible ear domains mediate this function. These complexes also rely on the small GTPase Arf1 and/or specific phosphoinositides for membrane binding. The structural details that influence these processes, however, are still poorly understood. Here we present cryo-EM structures of the full-length stable 300 kDa yeast AP-3 complex. The structures reveal that AP-3 adopts an open conformation in solution, comparable to the membrane-bound conformations of AP-1 or AP-2. This open conformation appears to be far more flexible than AP-1 or AP-2, resulting in compact, intermediate, and stretched subconformations. Mass spectrometrical analysis of the cross-linked AP-3 complex further indicates that the ear domains are flexibly attached to the surface of the complex. Using biochemical reconstitution assays, we also show that efficient AP-3 recruitment to the membrane depends primarily on cargo binding. Once bound to cargo, AP-3 clustered and immobilized cargo molecules, as revealed by single-molecule imaging on polymer-supported membranes. We conclude that its flexible open state may enable AP-3 to bind and collect cargo at the Golgi and could thus allow coordinated vesicle formation at the trans-Golgi upon Arf1 activation.

Flexible open conformation of the AP-3 complex explains its role in cargo recruitment at the Golgi.,Schoppe J, Schubert E, Apelbaum A, Yavavli E, Birkholz O, Stephanowitz H, Han Y, Perz A, Hofnagel O, Liu F, Piehler J, Raunser S, Ungermann C J Biol Chem. 2021 Nov;297(5):101334. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101334. Epub 2021 , Oct 22. PMID:34688652[4]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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See Also

References

  1. Rehling P, Darsow T, Katzmann DJ, Emr SD. Formation of AP-3 transport intermediates requires Vps41 function. Nat Cell Biol. 1999 Oct;1(6):346-53. PMID:10559961 doi:10.1038/14037
  2. Panek HR, Stepp JD, Engle HM, Marks KM, Tan PK, Lemmon SK, Robinson LC. Suppressors of YCK-encoded yeast casein kinase 1 deficiency define the four subunits of a novel clathrin AP-like complex. EMBO J. 1997 Jul 16;16(14):4194-204. PMID:9250663 doi:10.1093/emboj/16.14.4194
  3. Cowles CR, Odorizzi G, Payne GS, Emr SD. The AP-3 adaptor complex is essential for cargo-selective transport to the yeast vacuole. Cell. 1997 Oct 3;91(1):109-18. PMID:9335339 doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)80013-1
  4. Schoppe J, Schubert E, Apelbaum A, Yavavli E, Birkholz O, Stephanowitz H, Han Y, Perz A, Hofnagel O, Liu F, Piehler J, Raunser S, Ungermann C. Flexible open conformation of the AP-3 complex explains its role in cargo recruitment at the Golgi. J Biol Chem. 2021 Nov;297(5):101334. PMID:34688652 doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101334

Contents


PDB ID 7p3x

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