8tgi

Structural highlights

Function

VMAT1_HUMAN Electrogenic antiporter that exchanges one cationic monoamine with two intravesicular protons across the membrane of secretory and synaptic vesicles. Uses the electrochemical proton gradient established by the V-type proton-pump ATPase to accumulate high concentrations of monoamines inside the vesicles prior to their release via exocytosis. Transports catecholamines and indolamines with higher affinity for serotonin (PubMed:23337945, PubMed:8643547, PubMed:16326835). Regulates the transvesicular monoaminergic gradient that determines the quantal size. Mediates presynaptic monoaminergic vesicle transport in the amygdala and prefrontal brain regions related with emotion processing in response to environmental stimuli (PubMed:23337945).^{[1] [2] [3]} Unable to uptake serotonin.^[4]

References

1. ↑ Essand M, Vikman S, Grawé J, Gedda L, Hellberg C, Oberg K, Totterman TH, Giandomenico V. Identification and characterization of a novel splicing variant of vesicular monoamine transporter 1. J Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Dec;35(3):489-501. PMID:16326835 doi:10.1677/jme.1.01875
2. ↑ Lohoff FW, Hodge R, Narasimhan S, Nall A, Ferraro TN, Mickey BJ, Heitzeg MM, Langenecker SA, Zubieta JK, Bogdan R, Nikolova YS, Drabant E, Hariri AR, Bevilacqua L, Goldman D, Doyle GA. Functional genetic variants in the vesicular monoamine transporter 1 modulate emotion processing. Mol Psychiatry. 2014 Jan;19(1):129-39. PMID:23337945 doi:10.1038/mp.2012.193
3. ↑ Erickson JD, Schafer MK, Bonner TI, Eiden LE, Weihe E. Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 14;93(10):5166-71. PMID:8643547 doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.5166
4. ↑ Essand M, Vikman S, Grawé J, Gedda L, Hellberg C, Oberg K, Totterman TH, Giandomenico V. Identification and characterization of a novel splicing variant of vesicular monoamine transporter 1. J Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Dec;35(3):489-501. PMID:16326835 doi:10.1677/jme.1.01875