2fa4

Structural highlights

Function

[TRX2_YEAST] Participates as a hydrogen donor in redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide, accompanied by the transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons. It is involved in many cellular processes, including deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, repair of oxidatively damaged proteins, protein folding, sulfur metabolism, and redox homeostasis. Thioredoxin-dependent enzymes include phosphoadenosine-phosphosulfate reductase MET16, alkyl-hydroperoxide reductase DOT5, thioredoxin peroxidases TSA1 and TSA2, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase AHP1, and peroxiredoxin HYR1. Thioredoxin is also involved in protection against reducing stress. As part of the LMA1 complex, it is involved in the facilitation of vesicle fusion such as homotypic vacuole and ER-derived COPII vesicle fusion with the Golgi. This activity does not require the redox mechanism. Through its capacity to inactivate the stress response transcription factor YAP1 and its regulator the hydroperoxide stress sensor HYR1, it is involved in feedback regulation of stress response gene expression upon oxidative stress.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• Thioredoxin 3D structures

References

1. ↑ Schwenn JD, Krone FA, Husmann K. Yeast PAPS reductase: properties and requirements of the purified enzyme. Arch Microbiol. 1988;150(4):313-9. PMID:3060034
2. ↑ Xu Z, Mayer A, Muller E, Wickner W. A heterodimer of thioredoxin and I(B)2 cooperates with Sec18p (NSF) to promote yeast vacuole inheritance. J Cell Biol. 1997 Jan 27;136(2):299-306. PMID:9015301
3. ↑ Xu Z, Sato K, Wickner W. LMA1 binds to vacuoles at Sec18p (NSF), transfers upon ATP hydrolysis to a t-SNARE (Vam3p) complex, and is released during fusion. Cell. 1998 Jun 26;93(7):1125-34. PMID:9657146
4. ↑ Park SG, Cha MK, Jeong W, Kim IH. Distinct physiological functions of thiol peroxidase isoenzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5723-32. PMID:10681558
5. ↑ Lee J, Spector D, Godon C, Labarre J, Toledano MB. A new antioxidant with alkyl hydroperoxide defense properties in yeast. J Biol Chem. 1999 Feb 19;274(8):4537-44. PMID:9988687
6. ↑ Delaunay A, Isnard AD, Toledano MB. H2O2 sensing through oxidation of the Yap1 transcription factor. EMBO J. 2000 Oct 2;19(19):5157-66. PMID:11013218 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/19.19.5157
7. ↑ Delaunay A, Pflieger D, Barrault MB, Vinh J, Toledano MB. A thiol peroxidase is an H2O2 receptor and redox-transducer in gene activation. Cell. 2002 Nov 15;111(4):471-81. PMID:12437921
8. ↑ Trotter EW, Grant CM. Thioredoxins are required for protection against a reductive stress in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Microbiol. 2002 Nov;46(3):869-78. PMID:12410842
9. ↑ Grant CM. Role of the glutathione/glutaredoxin and thioredoxin systems in yeast growth and response to stress conditions. Mol Microbiol. 2001 Feb;39(3):533-41. PMID:11169096
10. ↑ Elazar Z, Scherz-Shouval R, Shorer H. Involvement of LMA1 and GATE-16 family members in intracellular membrane dynamics. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Aug 18;1641(2-3):145-56. PMID:12914955