4hnp

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Hydroamination reactions involving the addition of an amine to an inactivated alkene are entropically prohibited and require strong chemical catalysts. While this synthetic process is efficient at generating substituted amines, there is no equivalent in small molecule-mediated enzyme inhibition. We report an unusual mechanism of proteasome inhibition that involves a hydroamination reaction of alkene derivatives of the epoxyketone natural product carmaphycin. We show that the carmaphycin enone first forms a hemiketal intermediate with the catalytic Thr1 residue of the proteasome before cyclization by an unanticipated intramolecular alkene hydroamination reaction, resulting in a stable six-membered morpholine ring. The carmaphycin enone electrophile, which does not undergo a 1,4-Michael addition as previously observed with vinyl sulfone and alpha,beta-unsaturated amide-based inhibitors, is partially reversible and gives insight into the design of proteasome inhibitors for cancer chemotherapy.

Enzyme inhibition by hydroamination: design and mechanism of a hybrid carmaphycin-syringolin enone proteasome inhibitor.,Trivella DB, Pereira AR, Stein ML, Kasai Y, Byrum T, Valeriote FA, Tantillo DJ, Groll M, Gerwick WH, Moore BS Chem Biol. 2014 Jun 19;21(6):782-91. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.04.010. Epub, 2014 Jun 12. PMID:24930969^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.