Motilin

From Proteopedia

Motilin 1lbj

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Motilin 1lbj
Structural annotation: Resources: InterPro : Ipr006738, Ipr006737, Ipr015662 Pfam : PF04644 SCOP : d1lbja_ UniProt : P12872
Functional annotation: Cellular component: extracellular region soluble fraction Biological process: G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway cell-cell signaling Molecular function: hormone activity receptor binding
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBsum, RCSB
Coordinates:	save as pdb, mmCIF, xml

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Biological Function

Motilin is a gastrointestinal peptide hormone released by the M-Cells in the epithelium of the small intestine. Its primary function is to increase gastric motility, that is, movement of digestive matter through the gut. It does so by stimulating contractions of the smooth muscle surrounding the intestines. In fasting humans, motilin is responsible for initiating the migrating motor complex, a coordinated peristalsis that clears material from the intestine, depositing it in the colon. Motilin secretion seems to be triggered by a high pH in the duodenum in most mammals. ^[1] Motilin has also been shown to stimulate the emptying of the gallbladder into the small intestine. ^[2]

Pharmacology

The antibiotic erythromycin is a strong motilin agonist, causing accelerated gastric emptying in subjects treated with it. A derivative of erythromycin, mitemcinal, has the same agonist ability without the antibiotic qualities and is currently under clinical development.^[3]

Reference

1. ↑ Norris, David O. Vertebrate Endocrinology (4th ed.). Elsevier Inc. 2007. p 441.
2. ↑ Luiking, Y. C. et al. "Differential effects of motilin on interdigestive motility of the human gastric antrum, pylorus, small intestine and gallbladder." Neurogastroenterology & Motility, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp 103–111, April 2003
3. ↑ McCallum, R. W. et al. "Efficacy of mitemcinal, a motilin agonist, on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with symptoms suggesting diabetic gastropathy: a randomized, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial." Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics: Volume 26, Issue 1, pp 107–116, July 2007.

NMR solution structure and dynamics of motilin in isotropic phospholipid bicellar solution., Andersson A, Maler L, J Biomol NMR. 2002 Oct;24(2):103-12. PMID:12495026
Created with the participation of Steven Halstead.