1lm5
Structures of two intermediate filament-binding fragments of desmoplakin reveal a unique repeat motif structure
Structural highlights
DiseaseDESP_HUMAN Defects in DSP are the cause of palmoplantar keratoderma striate type 2 (SPPK2) [MIM:612908; also known as keratosis palmoplantaris striata II. SPPK2 is characterized by skin thickening in the palms (linear pattern) and the soles (island-like pattern) and flexor aspect of the fingers. Abnormalities of the nails, the teeth and the hair are rarely present.[1] Defects in DSP are the cause of cardiomyopathy dilated with woolly hair and keratoderma (DCWHK) [MIM:605676; also known as Carvajal syndrome or palmoplantar keratoderma with left ventricular cardiomyopathy and woolly hair. DCWHK is an autosomal recessive cardiocutaneous syndrome characterized by a generalized striate keratoderma particularly affecting the palmoplantar epidermis, woolly hair, and dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy.[2] Defects in DSP are the cause of familial arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia type 8 (ARVD8) [MIM:607450; also known as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy 8 (ARVC8). ARVD is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by partial degeneration of the myocardium of the right ventricle, electrical instability, and sudden death. It is clinically defined by electrocardiographic and angiographic criteria; pathologic findings, replacement of ventricular myocardium with fatty and fibrous elements, preferentially involve the right ventricular free wall.[3] [4] [5] Defects in DSP are the cause of skin fragility-woolly hair syndrome (SFWHS) [MIM:607655. SFWHS is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by focal and diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, hyperkeratotic plaques on the trunk and limbs, and woolly hair with varying degrees of alopecia.[6] Defects in DSP are the cause of epidermolysis bullosa lethal acantholytic (EBLA) [MIM:609638. EBLA is characterized by severe fragility of skin and mucous membranes. The phenotype is lethal in the neonatal period because of immense transcutaneous fluid loss. Typical features include universal alopecia, neonatal teeth, and nail loss. Histopathology of the skin shows suprabasal clefting and acantholysis throughout the spinous layer, mimicking pemphigus. FunctionDESP_HUMAN Major high molecular weight protein of desmosomes. Involved in the organization of the desmosomal cadherin-plakoglobin complexes into discrete plasma membrane domains and in the anchoring of intermediate filaments to the desmosomes. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. References
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