DCPS_HUMAN Decapping scavenger enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of a residual cap structure following the degradation of mRNAs by the 3'->5' exosome-mediated mRNA decay pathway. Hydrolyzes cap analog structures like 7-methylguanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m7GpppG) with up to 10 nucleotide substrates (small capped oligoribonucleotides) and specifically releases 5'-phosphorylated RNA fragments and 7-methylguanosine monophosphate (m7GMP). Cleaves cap analog structures like tri-methyl guanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m3(2,2,7)GpppG) with very poor efficiency. Does not hydrolyze unmethylated cap analog (GpppG) and shows no decapping activity on intact m7GpppG-capped mRNA molecules longer than 25 nucleotides. Does not hydrolyze 7-methylguanosine diphosphate (m7GDP) to m7GMP (PubMed:22985415). May also play a role in the 5'->3 mRNA decay pathway; m7GDP, the downstream product released by the 5'->3' mRNA mediated decapping activity, may be also converted by DCPS to m7GMP (PubMed:14523240). Binds to m7GpppG and strongly to m7GDP. Plays a role in first intron splicing of pre-mRNAs. Inhibits activation-induced cell death.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
References
↑Liu H, Rodgers ND, Jiao X, Kiledjian M. The scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme DcpS is a member of the HIT family of pyrophosphatases. EMBO J. 2002 Sep 2;21(17):4699-708. PMID:12198172
↑Kwasnicka DA, Krakowiak A, Thacker C, Brenner C, Vincent SR. Coordinate expression of NADPH-dependent flavin reductase, Fre-1, and Hint-related 7meGMP-directed hydrolase, DCS-1. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 3;278(40):39051-8. Epub 2003 Jul 18. PMID:12871939 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M306355200
↑Wang Z, Kiledjian M. Functional link between the mammalian exosome and mRNA decapping. Cell. 2001 Dec 14;107(6):751-62. PMID:11747811
↑van Dijk E, Le Hir H, Seraphin B. DcpS can act in the 5'-3' mRNA decay pathway in addition to the 3'-5' pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Oct 14;100(21):12081-6. Epub 2003 Oct 1. PMID:14523240 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1635192100
↑Liu SW, Jiao X, Liu H, Gu M, Lima CD, Kiledjian M. Functional analysis of mRNA scavenger decapping enzymes. RNA. 2004 Sep;10(9):1412-22. Epub 2004 Jul 23. PMID:15273322 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.7660804
↑Cohen LS, Mikhli C, Friedman C, Jankowska-Anyszka M, Stepinski J, Darzynkiewicz E, Davis RE. Nematode m7GpppG and m3(2,2,7)GpppG decapping: activities in Ascaris embryos and characterization of C. elegans scavenger DcpS. RNA. 2004 Oct;10(10):1609-24. PMID:15383679 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.7690504
↑Kwasnicka-Crawford DA, Vincent SR. Role of a novel dual flavin reductase (NR1) and an associated histidine triad protein (DCS-1) in menadione-induced cytotoxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Oct 21;336(2):565-71. PMID:16140270 doi:https://dx.doi.org/S0006-291X(05)01784-5
↑Shen V, Liu H, Liu SW, Jiao X, Kiledjian M. DcpS scavenger decapping enzyme can modulate pre-mRNA splicing. RNA. 2008 Jun;14(6):1132-42. doi: 10.1261/rna.1008208. Epub 2008 Apr 21. PMID:18426921 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.1008208
↑Wypijewska A, Bojarska E, Lukaszewicz M, Stepinski J, Jemielity J, Davis RE, Darzynkiewicz E. 7-methylguanosine diphosphate (m(7)GDP) is not hydrolyzed but strongly bound by decapping scavenger (DcpS) enzymes and potently inhibits their activity. Biochemistry. 2012 Oct 9;51(40):8003-13. doi: 10.1021/bi300781g. Epub 2012 Sep, 25. PMID:22985415 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi300781g
↑Chen N, Walsh MA, Liu Y, Parker R, Song H. Crystal structures of human DcpS in ligand-free and m7GDP-bound forms suggest a dynamic mechanism for scavenger mRNA decapping. J Mol Biol. 2005 Apr 8;347(4):707-18. PMID:15769464 doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.062
