1zn3
Crystal structure of Glu335Ala mutant of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E
Structural highlights
FunctionBXE_CLOBO Botulinum toxin acts by inhibiting neurotransmitter release. It binds to peripheral neuronal synapses, is internalized and moves by retrograde transport up the axon into the spinal cord where it can move between postsynaptic and presynaptic neurons. It inhibits neurotransmitter release by acting as a zinc endopeptidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 180-Arg-|-Ile-181 bond in SNAP-25. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedClostridial neurotoxins comprising the seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins and tetanus neurotoxin are the most potent toxins known to humans. Their potency coupled with their specificity and selectivity underscores the importance in understanding their mechanism of action in order to develop a strategy for designing counter measures against them. To develop an effective vaccine against the toxin, it is imperative to achieve an inactive form of the protein which preserves the overall conformation and immunogenicity. Inactive mutants can be achieved either by targeting active site residues or by modifying the surface charges farther away from the active site. The latter affects the long-range forces such as electrostatic potentials in a subtle way without disturbing the structural integrity of the toxin causing some drastic changes in the activity/environment. Here we report structural and biochemical analysis on several mutations on Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E light chain with at least two producing dramatic effects: Glu335Gln causes the toxin to transform into a persistent apoenzyme devoid of zinc, and Tyr350Ala has no hydrolytic activity. The structural analysis of several mutants has led to a better understanding of the catalytic mechanism of this family of proteins. The residues forming the S1' subsite have been identified by comparing this structure with a thermolysin-inhibitor complex structure. Analysis of active site residues of botulinum neurotoxin E by mutational, functional, and structural studies: Glu335Gln is an apoenzyme.,Agarwal R, Binz T, Swaminathan S Biochemistry. 2005 Jun 14;44(23):8291-302. PMID:15938619[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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