2hak
Catalytic and ubiqutin-associated domains of MARK1/PAR-1
Structural highlights
DiseaseMARK1_HUMAN Note=Genetic variations in MARK1 may be associated with susceptibility to autism. MARK1 is overexpressed in the prefrontal cortex of patients with autism and causes changes in the function of cortical dendrites. FunctionMARK1_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in cell polarity and microtubule dynamics regulation. Phosphorylates DCX, MAP2, MAP4 and MAPT/TAU. Involved in cell polarity by phosphorylating the microtubule-associated proteins MAP2, MAP4 and MAPT/TAU at KXGS motifs, causing detachment from microtubules, and their disassembly. Involved in the regulation of neuronal migration through its dual activities in regulating cellular polarity and microtubule dynamics, possibly by phosphorylating and regulating DCX. Also acts as a positive regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, probably by mediating phosphorylation of dishevelled proteins (DVL1, DVL2 and/or DVL3).[1] [2] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedThe microtubule-associated protein (MAP)/microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK)/Par-1 phosphorylates microtubule-associated proteins tau, MAP2, and MAP4 and is involved in the regulation of microtubule-based transport. Par-1, a homologue of MARK in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans, is essential for the development of embryonic polarity. Four isoforms of MARK are found in humans. Recently, we reported the crystal structure of the catalytic and ubiquitin-associated domains of MARK2, an isoform enriched in brain (Panneerselvam, S., Marx, A., Mandelkow, E.-M., and Mandelkow, E. (2006) Structure 14, 173-183). It showed that the ubiquitin-associated domain (UBA) domain has an unusual fold and binds to the N-terminal lobe of the catalytic domain. This is at variance with a previous low resolution structure derived from small angle solution scattering (Jaleel, M., Villa, F., Deak, M., Toth, R., Prescott, A. R., Van Aalten, D. M., and Alessi, D. R. (2006) Biochem. J. 394, 545-555), which predicts binding of the UBA domain to the larger, C-terminal lobe. Here we report the crystal structure of the catalytic and UBA domain of another isoform, MARK1. Although the crystal packing of the two isoforms are unrelated, the overall conformations of the molecules are similar. Notably, the UBA domain has the same unusual conformation as in MARK2, and it binds at the same site. Remarkable differences occur in the catalytic domain at helix C, the catalytic loop, and the activation segment. Structural variations in the catalytic and ubiquitin-associated domains of microtubule-associated protein/microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK) 1 and MARK2.,Marx A, Nugoor C, Muller J, Panneerselvam S, Timm T, Bilang M, Mylonas E, Svergun DI, Mandelkow EM, Mandelkow E J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 15;281(37):27586-99. Epub 2006 Jun 27. PMID:16803889[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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