2moa
Solution NMR structure of peptide ImI1 (peak 2)
Structural highlights
FunctionCA1_CONIM Alpha-conotoxins act on postsynaptic membranes, they bind to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) and thus inhibit them. This toxin blocks mammalian neuronal nAChRs (alpha-3/beta-2 > alpha-7 > alpha-3/beta-4). Has no effect on nAChRs composed of alpha-2/beta-2, alpha-3/beta-2, alpha-4/beta-2, alpha-2/beta-4, alpha-3/beta-4, or alpha-4/beta-4 subunits. Acts voltage-independently. Is highly active against the neuromuscular receptor in frog.[1] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe disulfide bonds that form between two cysteine residues are important in defining and rigidifying the structures of proteins and peptides. In polypeptides containing multiple cysteine residues, disulfide isomerization can lead to multiple products with different biological activities. Here, we describe the development of a dithiol amino acid (Dtaa) that can form two disulfide bridges at a single amino acid site. Application of Dtaas to a serine protease inhibitor and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor inhibitor that contain disulfide constraints enhanced their inhibitory activities 40- and 7.6-fold, respectively. X-ray crystallographic and NMR structure analysis show that the peptide ligands containing Dtaas have retained their native tertiary structures. We furthermore show that replacement of two cysteines by Dtaas can avoid the formation of disulfide bond isomers. With these properties, Dtaas are likely to have broad application in the rational design or directed evolution of peptides and proteins with high activity and stability. Dithiol amino acids can structurally shape and enhance the ligand-binding properties of polypeptides.,Chen S, Gopalakrishnan R, Schaer T, Marger F, Hovius R, Bertrand D, Pojer F, Heinis C Nat Chem. 2014 Nov;6(11):1009-16. doi: 10.1038/nchem.2043. Epub 2014 Aug 31. PMID:25343607[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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